Simulation of Heat Propagation Processes Taking Place in the Detection Pixel of Thermoelectric Single-Photon Detector

Nikoghosyan

Quantum Optics and Photon Counting 2023

et al. 2023

Week radiation and single photon detectors have many applications in different areas of modern science and technology. In this work, we study the multi-layer thermoelectric photodetector's detection pixel consisting of a heat sink (Bi2223), thermoelectric sensor (CeB6), absorber (Bi2223), and antireflection layer (SiO2) for UV single photon detection. We examine heat transfer after 3.1 eV and 7.1 eV energy photon absorption in the SiO2/Bi2223/CeB6/Bi2223/Al2O3 detection pixel. The operating temperature for this structure is 9 K. Computer simulation was carried out based on the equation of heat distribution from a limited volume using the three-dimensional matrix method for differential equations. We study the detector's signal, count rate, and noise dependence from detection pixel geometry. Calculations show that after absorption of photons with an energy of 7.1 eV the generated signal maximum will be about 127 nV and achieved up to 10 ps after photon absorption. The full width at half maximum of the obtained signal is from 34 -228 ps, depending on the detection pixel layer thicknesses. Such a signal can be registered without preliminary amplification. It is shown that this detection pixel provides a gigahertz count rate. Using Bi2223 high-temperature superconductors as an absorber and heat sink allowed less Johnson noise.

Section: Computer Simulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fast thermoelectric photodetector for UV radiation

Nikoghosyan

Quantum Optics and Photon Counting 2023

et al. 2023

“…Программа компьютерного моделирования подробно описана в работе [12] и позволяет получить временную зависимость температуры в любой области чувствительного элемента. Рассматриваются данные температуры в следующих областях: термализации фотона (T hs ), на границе поглотитель-сенсор непосредственно под горячим пятном (T 0 ) и 10 областей на расстоянии d от Табл.…”

Section: методика расчетовunclassified

“…Среди важнейших преимуществ -простая конструкция чувствительного элемента и отсутствие жестких требований к условиям работы [10]. Имея высокие характеристики, термоэлектрические однофотонные детекторы могут быть альтернативой существующим детекторам [11,12].…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Моделирование Процессов Распространения Тепла В Термоэлектрических Чувствительных Элементах

Кузанян¹,

Кузанян²,

Никогосян³

et al. 2022

Physics

Методом компьютерного моделирования исследованы процессы распространения тепла в термоэлектрических чувствительных элементах, протекающие после поглощения одиночных УФ фотонов с энергией 3.1–7.1 эВ (400–175 нм). Рассмотрены конструкции чувствительного элемента с поверхностью 10×10 мкм2, состоящие из последовательно расположенных на сапфировой подложке (Al2O3) слоев вольфрамового теплоотвода (W), термоэлектрического сенсора FeSb2, вольфрамового поглотителя и антиотражающего слоя SiO2. Компьютерное моделирование проводилось на основе уравнения распространения тепла из ограниченного объема с использованием трехмерного матричного метода для дифференциальных уравнений.

“…[20][21][22][23] Various materials have been utilized in the construction of these detection pixels, enabling their operation at temperatures ranging from 1to 9 K. The results demonstrate that TSPDs exhibit high efficiency, and photon number-resolving detection is achievable with a count rate of 10 14 cps. 24,25 Recent research has focused on investigating the signal observed on the CeB 6 sensor and the equivalent power of noise in the detection pixel with a Bi-2223 superconducting absorber at an operating temperature of 9 K. 26 The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is calculated for the absorption of photons with energies ranging from 0.8 eV to 1 keV. The results indicate the need to enhance the SNR, which can be achieved by lowering the operating temperature of the detection pixel.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultraviolet thermoelectric single photon detector with high signal-to-noise ratio

Kuzanyan,

Nikoghosyan,

Kuzanyan

2024

Opt. Eng.

In this paper, we present the results of simulating heat propagation processes in the thermoelectric detection pixel after absorbing single photons of UV radiation with energies ranging from 7.1 to 124 eV. The detection pixels, with an operating temperature of 1 K, consist of an absorber (W), a thermoelectric sensor (La 0.99 Ce 0.01 B 6 ), a heat sink (W), and a substrate (Al 2 O 3 ). The heat transfer processes in the detection pixels with different layer thicknesses and surface areas were modeled and simulated using the three-dimensional matrix method for differential equations based on the equation of heat propagation from a limited volume. The temporal dependencies of the temperature at various points in the detection pixels and the average temperature of the layers' surfaces were calculated. The main signal parameters, such as the maximum value, time to the peak value, decay time, full width at half maximum, and signal power, were determined. In addition, the phonon noise, Johnson noise, and the total noise equivalent power of the detection pixels were calculated. The data obtained show how the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) depends on the energy of the absorbed photon, the geometry of the detection pixel, and the bandwidth of the signal measurement. Moreover, it was observed that the SNR exceeds unity multiple times for the absorption of photons of all considered energies in the detection pixel with a surface area of 1μm 2 .