Simulation of Granular Organic Fertilizer Application by Centrifugal Spreader

Zinkevičienė, Raimonda; Jotautienė, Eglė; Juostas, Antanas; Comparetti, Antonio; Vaiciukevičius, Edvardas

doi:10.3390/agronomy11020247

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…It was found that, to spread the fertilizer dosage norms of 600, 800, and 1000 kg ha −1 , it is necessary to drive at a relatively low speed. Other scientific studies have found that, to achieve a more uniform distribution of cylindrical granules, it is important to increase the granule size by increasing the granule spreading flow [15], because the aerodynamic properties are greatly influenced by the size and mass of granulated fertilizers [34]. From the results of the granulated organic fertilizer spreading, using a fertilizer dosage norm of 1000 kg ha −1 and the spreader moving at a speed of 5 km h −1 (Figure 16), we can see that slightly different experimental results were obtained here compared to the results presented in Figures 12 and 15.…”

Section: Experiments Under Field Conditions and Simulation Spread Of ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Researchers analyzing the simulation of poultry manure granular fertilizers found that, for a cylindrical granule spreading dosage of 200 g s −1 , the distribution of particles with a diameter of 4 mm is more even than that of the ones of 6 mm in diameter. At a granule spreading dosage norm of 400 g s −1 , the distribution of 6 mm diameter particles is more uniform than for 4 mm ones [15]. Experimental studies have shown that cattle manure granules are spread more evenly over the soil surface than meat and bone meal granules.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Researchers have therefore focused on variable-rate fertilization to reduce crop inputs and thus increase profits [13]. The dynamics of fertilizer particle spreading are influenced by fixed and variable technical specifications of the spreader (rotational speed and position of the rotating discs, position of the disc blades, size of the discharge opening, the location where each particle falls on the rotating disc, the exhaust flow of the fertilizer, the travel speed, and the working width of the machine) and the physicomechanical properties of the fertilizer (coefficient of friction, shape, size, size distribution, moisture content, and density) [14][15][16][17]. According to Gavrilovic et al [18], it is necessary to pay attention to the physical and mechanical properties of the fertilizer, as they affect the uniformity and the overall quality of the fertilization.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Theoretical and Experimental Verification of Organic Granular Fertilizer Spreading

Bivainis,

Jotautienė,

Lekavičienė

et al. 2023

Agriculture

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Due to the continuous creation of organic granular fertilizers of the new composition, there is a lack of knowledge about their properties and the influence of the norm on spreading efficiency. To increase the efficiency of the use of granular organic fertilizers, their spreading aims are to properly choose the most rational spreading parameters and fertilizer norms, considering the characteristics of the fertilizer. To determine this quickly and with lower costs, various theoretical models and computer programs are used to study the dynamics of fertilizer spreading. The purpose of this work was to perform theoretical and experimental comparative studies of the influence of the characteristics and dosage norms of granular fertilizers of poultry manure on the spreading efficiency. During the research, the physical properties of granular poultry manure fertilizers were determined, which have an impact on the quality of spreading. Experimental studies of fertilizer spreading were carried out using two centrifugal spreaders with the same parameters (Amazone ZA-M-1001 (spreading dosage norm, 200 kg ha−1 and 400 kg ha−1; driving speed, 10 km h−1) and ZA-M-1201 (spreading dosage norm, 600 kg ha−1, 800 kg ha−1, and 1000 kg ha−1; driving speed, 5 km h−1)). Before the fertilizer was spread, measurements were made of the flow rate of the spreadable fertilizer through one bunker shutter. Fertilizer application simulations were performed using the discrete element simulation program EDEM. Research has shown that spreading the studied granular fertilizers at the dosage norm of 600 and 800 kg ha−1 allows for the future expansion of the limits of spreading research using a spreading simulation. The most important directions of research would be the research of the spreader vanes’ shape, length, and rational settings positions, using the standard commonly used centrifugal spreader, after making small modifications of the spreader, to achieve that the spreader could spread larger norms of fertilizer or drive faster during spreading.

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Section: Experiments Under Field Conditions and Simulation Spread Of ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Theoretical and Experimental Verification of Organic Granular Fertilizer Spreading

Bivainis,

Jotautienė,

Lekavičienė

et al. 2023

Agriculture

Self Cite

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“…Analysis of the simulation results of granular organic fertilizer spreading showed that at a feed flow of granular organic fertilizer of 200 g s −1 , the distribution of pellets with the diameter of 4 mm was more even. At a feed flow of 400 g s −1 , organic fertilizer pellets with the diameter of 6 mm were more evenly distributed [28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Granular and Non-Granular Organic Fertilizers in Terms of Energy, Environmental and Economic Efficiency

et al. 2021

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Granular organic fertilizers have been increasingly used in agriculture due to the longer delivery of nutrients to plants and the milder impact on the environment. The aim of this study was to determine the energy, environmental and economic efficiency of granular and non-granular organic fertilizers. Four technological scenarios of organic fertilizer use were used for comparative assessment: (1) manure fertilization (16.0 t ha−1), (2) manure fertilization (30.0 t ha−1), (3) manure pellet fertilization (2.0 t ha−1), and (4) fertilization with meat and bone meal pellets (0.7 t ha−1). Experimental studies using the mass flow method of laser spectroscopy were performed to evaluate the comparative environmental impact of granular and non-granular organic fertilizers. Economic assessment was performed for mechanized technological operations of loading, transportation and distribution of organic fertilizers, estimating the price of aggregates used and fuel consumed, the costs of individual technological operations and other indirect costs. The results showed that for mechanized technological operations, when fertilizing with granular organic manure and meat and bone meal fertilizer, energy consumption is 3.2 to 4.0 times lower compared to fertilization with manure. The average ammonia (NH3) emissions from granular organic fertilizers were found to be six times lower than from non-granular organic fertilizers. The lowest costs for mechanized works were incurred when using meat and bone meal pellets, the highest economic benefits of organic fertilizers by elements was when using manure 30 t ha−1, and the highest costs for organic fertilizers were incurred when using manure pellets.

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“…Among several vegetation indexes that can be calculated, NDVI (Normalised Difference Vegetation Index) and NDWI (Normalised Difference Water Index) have some practical advantages. In fact, NDVI can be applied to evaluate the plant photosynthetic activity and, therefore, its vegetative vigour and soil coverage during growth phases, so that it is measured by optical sensors (e.g., Arvatec OptRx and Trimble GreenSeeker) for planning fertilisation [12,[32][33][34][35][36][37] and irrigation. Therefore, NDVI mapping remains the most affordable way to easily and objectively obtain vineyard spatial information [3], as this index has proved to be a useful tool for monitoring crop yield [18] and table grape quality characteristics [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Sentinel-2 Satellite for Spatially Variable Rate Fertiliser Management in a Sicilian Vineyard

Comparetti

Silva

2022

Sustainability

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Satellites can be used for producing maps of within-field crop and soil parameters and, consequentially, spatially variable rate crop input application maps. The plant vegetative vigour index (i.e., Normalised Difference Vegetation Index—NDVI) and the leaf water content index (i.e., Normalised Difference Water Index—NDWI) maps were used to study—through both time and space—the phenological phases of two plots, with Syrah and Nero d’Avola grapevine varieties, in a Sicilian vineyard farm, located in Naro (Agrigento, Sicily, Italy). The aim of this work is to produce spatially variable rate nitrogen fertiliser maps to be applied in the two vineyard plots under study as well as to understand when they should be fertilised or not according to their target crop yields. The average plant vegetative vigour and leaf water content of both the plots showed a high temporal and spatial variability during all phenological phases and, according to these results, the optimal fertilisation time should have been 12 April 2021. In fact, this crop operation is aimed at supporting the vegetative activity but must be performed when the soil water and, therefore, the plant leaf water content are high. Therefore, spatially variable rate fertilisation should have been performed around 12 April 2021 in both plots, using previous NDVI maps and taking into consideration two management zones. This work demonstrates the usefulness of remote sensing data as Decision Support Systems (DSS) for nitrogen fertilisation in order to reduce the production cost, environmental impact and climate footprints per kg of produced grapes, according to the European Green Deal challenges.

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Simulation of Granular Organic Fertilizer Application by Centrifugal Spreader

Cited by 11 publications

References 13 publications

Theoretical and Experimental Verification of Organic Granular Fertilizer Spreading

Theoretical and Experimental Verification of Organic Granular Fertilizer Spreading

Application of Granular and Non-Granular Organic Fertilizers in Terms of Energy, Environmental and Economic Efficiency

Use of Sentinel-2 Satellite for Spatially Variable Rate Fertiliser Management in a Sicilian Vineyard

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