Simulation of Geometrical Parameters of Screen Printed Electrode (SPE) for Electrochemical-Based Sensor

Roslan, Nurul Amira Farhana; Rahim, Rosminazuin Ab; Ralib, Aliza Aini Md; Za’bah, Nor Farahidah; Nordin, Anis Nurashikin; Bashri, Mohd Saiful Riza; Suhaimi, Muhammad Irsyad; Samsudin, Z.; Ming, Lim Lai; Sugandi, Gandi

doi:10.1109/rsm52397.2021.9511577

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…[42,43] High sensitivity performance has been obtained by these approaches, but elaborate fabrication techniques and instrumentation are usually required. In this regard, electrochemical sensors offer promising solutions as they are miniaturized and cost-effective, [44][45][46] enabling the development of rapid, sensitive, quantitative, and user-friendly detection systems. [47][48][49] In fact, several research groups have developed electrochemical immunosensors based on screen-printed electrodes for single detection of S-IgG antibodies, [50][51][52] S-IgG & S-IgM, [53,54] and N-IgG [55,56] antibodies.…”

Section: The Rapid Transmission and Resilience Of Coronavirus Disease...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Duplex Electrochemical Microfluidic Sensor for COVID‐19 Antibody Detection: Natural versus Vaccine‐Induced Humoral Response

Mazzaracchio

Maciel

Santos

et al. 2023

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The rapid transmission and resilience of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) have led to urgent demands in monitoring humoral response for effective vaccine development, thus a multiplex co‐detection platform to discriminate infection‐induced from vaccine‐induced antibodies is needed. Here a duplex electrochemical immunosensor for co‐detection of anti‐nucleocapsid IgG (N‐IgG) and anti‐spike IgG (S‐IgG) is developed by using a two‐working electrode system, via an indirect immunoassay, with antibody quantification obtained by differential pulse voltammetry. The screen‐printed electrodes (SPEs) are modified by carbon black and electrodeposited gold nanoflowers for maximized surface areas, enabling the construction of an immunological chain for S‐IgG and N‐IgG electrochemical detection with enhanced performance. Using an optimized immunoassay protocol, a wide linear range between 30–750 and 20–1000 ng mL−1, and a limit of detection of 28 and 15 ng mL−1 are achieved to detect N‐IgG and S‐IgG simultaneously in serum samples. This duplex immunosensor is then integrated in a microfluidic device to obtain significantly reduced detection time (≤ 7 min) while maintaining its analytical performance. The duplex microfluidic immunosensor can be easily expanded into multiplex format to achieve high throughput screening for the sero‐surveillance of COVID‐19 and other infectious diseases.

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Section: The Rapid Transmission and Resilience Of Coronavirus Disease...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Duplex Electrochemical Microfluidic Sensor for COVID‐19 Antibody Detection: Natural versus Vaccine‐Induced Humoral Response

Mazzaracchio

Maciel

Santos

et al. 2023

Small

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“…The conclusion they observe is that the CE width shown no significant effect. While the smaller WE area and the smaller gap between electrodes lead to an optimal performance of the SPE [52,58].…”

Section: Design and Size Of The Spementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Below that value, the plotter does not cut the stencil properly and the alligator clamps holding each electrode in the electrochemical measurement becomes too close, almost touching. The Ag/AgCl layer was adapted for each design, but it does not affect the performance as reported by Roslan et al [58] Since the main purpose of CE is to keep the WE at a constant potential and the width do not affect this proposal. Finally, the WE area parameter.…”

Section: Design and Size Of The Spementioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication of Low‐cost Screen‐printed Electrode in Paper Using Conductive Inks of Graphite and Silver/Silver Chloride

2022

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The fabrication of the Screen‐Printed Electrode (SPE) was performed using the graphite ink to print the working (WE) and counter electrodes (CE), and silver/silver chloride path as reference electrode (RE). All the electrodes are printed in a paper substrate using screen‐printing technique. The resulting SPE is characterized using scanning electron microscopy, showing all the ink layer, and subsequently optimized. The paper sample presented the cellulose fibers entanglement, extremely rough, with highly porous network. Then the graphite ink was deposited and the surface became flat, thinner and very smooth. When the silver ink was painted on top of the graphite ink, the spherical silver particles, ranged from 2–3.5 μm in size, were observed. And finally, the silver ink was covered with a AgCl layer and the particle size becomes larger with an irregular sphere‐like phase. The images showed that the layers appear to be homogeneously distributed with good coverage. Then fabrication process was optimized concerning type of paper, the sanding process, the hydrophobic barrier, the electrode design and size. In summary, the optimized values included using the previously sanded matte paper with a mineral spirit layer. The design and size of the electrode were also tested to achieve the best electrochemical performance (design 3 with 3.5 cm). The final SPE was a miniaturized and flexible paper‐based electrochemical electrode. In order to evaluate the electrical properties, the ohmic resistance of each ink was tested using a multimeter and the obtained values were 2.18 kΩ for the graphite ink, 2.27 Ω for the silver ink and 38.33 kΩ for the silver/silver chloride ink. That can indicate the good conductivity of each ink used in the fabrication of the electrode and the correct deposition of Ag/AgCl. Finally, the electrode was used to measure the electrochemical response of K4[Fe(CN)6] in different concentrations. Then a calibration curve was obtained from the voltammograms and a linearity was observed between the current and concentration in the range of 0.50–2.00 mM. That indicates that the SPE has potential to be used as a voltammetric electrode.

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“…[12,13]. It can also influence the analytical signal parameters [14][15][16][17]. The aim of this article is the comparative study of the electrochemical behavior of CAP in standard laboratory and portable microelectrochemical cells, and the estimation of the possibility of quantitative electrochemical determination of CAP using the direct electrochemical response.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical behavior of chloramphenicol on carbon electrodes in a microelectrochemical cell

et al. 2022

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Express determination of antibiotics is an extremely important task today. Portable electrochemical microdevices are a viable alternative to traditional methods of analysis. The development of such devices requires the study of redox processes in detail. This article is devoted to the comparative study of the electrochemical behavior of chloramphenicol in water solvents in standard laboratory and portable microelectrochemical cells. It was found that the electrochemical reduction of chloramphenicol proceeds via a 3-electron mechanism to the formation of a dimer. In the transition from the macrocell to the microcell, a decrease in the electrochemical reduction current and a shift of the peak potential to the cathode region are observed, which is apparently associated mainly with the type of the electrode material. The best characteristics of the direct electrochemical response were obtained in the differential pulse voltammetry mode. Under the selected operating parameters, the peak current of the electrochemical reduction of chloramphenicol is linearly dependent on the concentration of the antibiotic in the range of 2∙10–3–1∙10–5 M with a detection limit of 3∙10–5 M. Obtained characteristics are sufficient for the quality control of pharmaceuticals and can be improved through the use of organic and hybrid modifiers of the working electrode surface.

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Simulation of Geometrical Parameters of Screen Printed Electrode (SPE) for Electrochemical-Based Sensor

Cited by 6 publications

References 9 publications

Duplex Electrochemical Microfluidic Sensor for COVID‐19 Antibody Detection: Natural versus Vaccine‐Induced Humoral Response

Duplex Electrochemical Microfluidic Sensor for COVID‐19 Antibody Detection: Natural versus Vaccine‐Induced Humoral Response

Fabrication of Low‐cost Screen‐printed Electrode in Paper Using Conductive Inks of Graphite and Silver/Silver Chloride

Electrochemical behavior of chloramphenicol on carbon electrodes in a microelectrochemical cell

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