Simulation of gait asymmetry and energy transfer efficiency between unilateral and bilateral amputees

Aslani, Navid; Noroozi, Siamak; Khoo, Shin Yee; Ong, Zhi Chao; Maggs, Christine A.

doi:10.1007/s12283-016-0202-1

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…This was achieved by filming the experimental runs with a 720p HD digital camera operating at 120 FPS, and subsequently processing the recorded videos using a computer code written in MATLAB [10]. This code was created at Bournemouth University, and has previously been used successfully for gait analysis measurements [11]. A calibration video was recorded prior to the experimental runs to account for the angle and position of the camera relative to the float and chamber.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The potential of the water hammer in pico-scale tidal power systems: An experimental investigation

Roberts

Thomas

Sewell

et al. 2016

2016 4th International Symposium on Environmental Friendly Energies and Applications (EFEA)

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Abstract-The tidal energy within the seas surrounding the United Kingdom offers a vast renewable resource that is perfectly predictable over long timescales. Currently, the bulk of tidal energy research is focused on developing large devices for the most resource rich locations, which can be many miles from populated areas. The potential of small-scale tidal power from sub-optimal shallow water sites, close to populated regions, has so far been overlooked. Such generation would benefit from reduced transmission losses and contribute towards a distributed electricity grid, helping to overcome the variability of other renewables.This work presents a novel method for generating hydropower using the water hammer effect: a pressure surge that can occur in a pipeline following the abrupt closure of a valve. These pressure surges are used to produce vertical oscillations from horizontally flowing water, allowing power to be generated in a manner analogous to a wave energy convertor. A non-optimised scale model was found experimentally to have a peak available power density of

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The potential of the water hammer in pico-scale tidal power systems: An experimental investigation

Roberts

Thomas

Sewell

et al. 2016

2016 4th International Symposium on Environmental Friendly Energies and Applications (EFEA)

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“…This allows mobility with minimum energy expenditure. With the increase of the asymmetry of the cycle, the energy expenditure increases [28]. Symmetry appears to be a relevant aspect for differentiating a normal and pathological gait.…”

Section: B Speed Adaption Gait Phase Identification and Gait Symmetry Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Evaluation of a Novel Microprocessor-Controlled Prosthetic Knee

Cao

Chen

et al. 2019

IEEE Access

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Transfemoral amputees demand a mechatronic lower limb prosthesis as technical substitute for restoring their gait functions. Prosthetic knee is the key component of a transfemoral prosthesis. The performance of the prosthetic knee determines the walking ability of the transfemoral amputee. This study proposed a novel microprocessor-controlled prosthetic knee with hydraulic damper and evaluated the performance of the prosthetic knee by function simulation and evaluation platform. The prosthetic knee with electrical-controlled hydraulic cylinder that could modulate knee flexion and extension damping properties independently and continuously by single motor was designed. Gait phase identification system based on knee angle sensor, inertial measurement units mounted on thigh connector and shank and force transducer embedded in shank was proposed. Gait phase identification and damping control strategy were determined by typical gait events during walking. Speed adaption and gait symmetry tests were conducted with a customized gait simulator to evaluate the performance of the proposed microprocessor-controlled prosthetic knee. The angle trajectories of the prosthetic knee were similar under a range of walking speeds. While the symmetry index values indicated that the stance phase was more asymmetry than swing phase, the peak swing flexion knee angles were consistently controlled between 60-70 degrees under different speeds. The knee angle symmetry was observed in different speeds during swing phase. It is suggested that the proposed microprocessor-controlled prosthetic knee could meet the fundamental demands of walking with smooth angular transition across different walking speeds.INDEX TERMS Microprocessor-controlled prosthetic knee, hydraulic damper, gait phase identification, gait symmetry, peak swing flexion knee angle.

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“…In a pathological gait, however, an asymmetry between the lower limbs can be noticeably observed. Shorter support phase, extended swing time and reduced ground reaction forces (GRF) have been reported on the affected limb in the gait of people with hemiparesis or osteoarthritis and in persons with prosthetic limbs [6][7][8][9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Symmetry function as a new tool for evaluating the symmetry of gait in transfemoral amputees

Winiarski

Rutkowska-Kucharska

Kowal

2020

Preprint

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Background: Numerous studies have demonstrated significant asymmetries in unilateral amputee gait. The underlying dissimilarities between prosthetic and intact limbs have not yet been widely examined. To gain more insight into the functionality of asymmetries, we propose a new tool, the symmetry function (SF), to evaluate the symmetry of walking in terms of kinematic and dynamic variables of patients after unilateral transfemoral amputation and to identify areas with the largest side deviations in the movement cycle. Methods: An instrumented motion analysis system was used to register the gait of fourteen patients after unilateral trans-femoral amputation (TFA). Measurements involved evaluating the time series of gait variables characterizing a range of motion and the time series of the ground reaction force components. Comparison of the involved limb with the uninvolved limb in TFA patients was carried out on the basis of the SF values.Results: The symmetry function proved to be an excellent tool to localize the regions of asymmetry and their positive or negative directions in the full gait cycle. The difference between sides revealed by the symmetry function was the highest for the pelvis and the hip. In the sagittal plane, the pelvis was asymmetrically tilted, reaching the highest SF value of more than 25% at 60% cycle time. In the transverse plane, the pelvis was even more asymmetrically positioned throughout the entire gait cycle (50% difference on average). The hip in the frontal plane reached a 60% difference in SF throughout the single support phase for the prosthetic and then for the intact limb. Conclusions: The symmetry function allows for the detection of gait asymmetries and shifts in the center of gravity and may assess the precise in time adaptation of prostheses and rehabilitation monitoring, especially in unilateral impairments.Trial registration: The trial registration number (TRN): 379991 issued by the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR) on 07.05.2020 (retrospectively registered).

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Simulation of gait asymmetry and energy transfer efficiency between unilateral and bilateral amputees

Cited by 11 publications

References 27 publications

The potential of the water hammer in pico-scale tidal power systems: An experimental investigation

The potential of the water hammer in pico-scale tidal power systems: An experimental investigation

Design and Evaluation of a Novel Microprocessor-Controlled Prosthetic Knee

Symmetry function as a new tool for evaluating the symmetry of gait in transfemoral amputees

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