Simulation of fast reactions in batch reactors under sub‐critical water condition

Abstract

In this study the temperature profiles inside a tube batch reactor under the sub-critical

Subcritical Water Technology for Enhanced Extraction of Biochemical Compounds fromChlorella vulgaris

“…As the temperature of water increases, its hydrogen bonding cleaves with decreasing dielectric constant and polarity [16]. This results in an increase in the concentration of hydrogen ion [17]. Extensive studies led by Yoshida and coworkers found that valuable and useful substances such as organic acids, amino acids, proteins, fatty acids, and oils are recoverable through the use of SWE, and the technology can be applied in wastewater treatment.…”

Recovery of indium from TFT and CF glasses of LCD wastes using NaOH-enhanced sub-critical water

“…After a period of time, the reaction tube was taken out of the salt bath and immediately quenched in a tap water bath at room temperature. The temperature inside the reactor instantly increased until it equals the salt bath temperature [22]. The reaction time was defined as the period of time from immersing the reactor in the salt bath until transferring it into the tap water bath.…”

A supramolecular structure insight for conversion property of cellulose in hot compressed water: Polymorphs and hydrogen bonds changes

“…This means that the concentration of ionized H + and OH − in HCW is increased, which is the equal to catalyst that can accelerate the reaction (Kruse & Gawlik, 2003). Additionally, both the dielectric constant and the polarity of water are decreased with the increasing temperature, which is beneficial to the dissolution of cellulose (Abdelmoez & Yoshida, 2006). HCW has been proposed to conduct the conversion of biomass and cellulose with a high ability in the absence of catalysts.…”