Simulation of Evacuating Crowd Based on Deep Learning and Social Force Model

Abstract

It is always difficult to evacuate crowds in public places like subway stations. The traditional crowd behavior simulation models often ignore two important issues in crowd evacuation: pedestrian tracking and individual differences. To solve the problem, this paper combines social force model (SFM) with deep learning into a novel pedestrian detection method. Firstly, several deep learning algorithms for pedestrian detection were compared, and the best ones for sparse and dense crowds were determined. Next, the pedestrian positions in a real video were acquired by the selected algorithms, and converted into actual coordinates in the scene. Then, the evacuation process was simulated with our method and the SFM based on these coordinates. The results show that our model output closer-to-reality results than the SFM. The research findings shed important new light on evacuation in crowded areas. INDEX TERMS Deep learning, social force model (SFM), crowd simulation.

Deep social force network for anomaly event detection

“…They implement these heuristics into physical equations and finally classify the anomaly event. Li et al use social force to proposal region [6] and Sumon et al add SFM into CNN and LSTM for violent crowd flow detection [7]. SFM analyses the particle trajectory and can be applied for multi-pedestrian interaction [47], separating crowd behaviour [48], alighting and boarding behaviours [49], and evacuation assistant [50].…”

“…Li et al. use social force to proposal region [6] and Sumon et al. add SFM into CNN and LSTM for violent crowd flow detection [7].…”

“…And the aggression force is the interaction towards the opponents, which is mostly like violent actions. Li et al use a region proposal to guide the social force feature extraction [6]. The deep model can optimize the feature from the social force model [7].…”

“…Li et al. use a region proposal to guide the social force feature extraction [6]. The deep model can optimize the feature from the social force model [7].…”

Research on the Behavioral Dynamics Motion Planning Method of the Human-Vehicle Social Force Model

“…e social force model mainly simulates individual and group movement according to Newton's second law formula, and the speed of the individual is compatible with the overall speed, which can portray the dynamic behavior of the individual. As a result, social force models are more used in areas such as emergency crowd evacuation [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21], that is, most scholars have made many modi cations and optimizations [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30]. Jiang et al [31] present a generalized walking cost distribution to determine a dynamic navigation eld in the social force model for pedestrian evacuation and expect to choose an optimal path with the lowest walking cost to reach their target destination.…”