Simulation of Estuarine Flooding and Dewatering with Application to Great Bay, New Hampshire

Ip, J.T.C.; Lynch, Daniel R.; Friedrichs, Carl T.

doi:10.1006/ecss.1998.0352

Cited by 60 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Some recent applications to tidal problems are given in e.g. Foreman et al (1993Foreman et al ( , 1995, Fortunato et al (1997), Ip et al (1998), Legrand et al (2006Legrand et al ( , 2007, Levasseur (2007), Lynch et al (1993Lynch et al ( , 2004 and Walters (1992). A comparison of the performance of finite difference and finite element models for reproducing the M 2 tide and its higher harmonics in the English Channel was performed by Werner (1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A model study of tidal distributions in the Celtic and Irish Sea regions determined with finite volume and finite element models

2011

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An unstructured mesh tidal model of the west coast of Britain, covering the Celtic Sea and Irish Sea is used to compare tidal distributions computed with finite element (F.E.) and finite volume (F.V.) models. Both models cover an identical region, use the same mesh, and have topography and tidal boundary forcing from a finite difference model that can reproduce the tides in the region. By this means solutions from both models can be compared without any bias towards one model or another. Two dimensional calculations show that for a given friction coefficient there is more damping in the F.V. model than the F.E. model. As bottom friction coefficient is reduced the two models show comparable changes in tidal distributions. In terms of mesh resolution, calculations show that for the M2 tide the mesh is sufficiently fine to yield an accurate solution over the whole domain. However in terms of higher harmonics of the tide, in particular the M6 component, its small scale variability in near shore regions which is comparable to the mesh of the model, suggests that the mesh resolution is insufficient in the near coastal regions. Even with a finer mesh in these areas, without detailed bottom topography and a spatial varying friction depending on bed types and bed forms, which is not available, model skill would probably not be improved. In addition in the near shore region, as shown in the literature, the solution is sensitive to the form of the wetting/drying algorithm used in the model. Calculations with a three dimensional version of the F.V. model show that for a given value of k, damping is reduced compared to the two dimensional version due to the differences in bed stress formulation, with the three dimensional model yielding an accurate tidal distribution over the region. (1) Description of models slightly enhanced. As a detailed description is given in published papers, these are cited, as we do not wish to repeat information. In addition since a functional form of the solution is given over each finite element or finite volume this can be used to interpolate solutions (e.g. water elevations) to any location. This point made in text. (2) It is made clear that the staircase representation of the coastline only relates to a certain class of finite difference model. (3) The k-0.003 calculations are mentioned "early on". (4) Possibility of lack of mesh resolution influencing solution of higher harmonics is discussed in context of the fact that this could also be influenced by "wetting and drying". Additional references added. (5) Abstract rephrased to suggest this, rather than claim that it has been shown. Similar in text. (6) Elaborated to show that in the near short region the amplitude of the higher harmonics changes very rapidly from one mesh element to another. A sure sign of a lack of spatial convergence. The confusion between temporal convergence, where iteration ensures that a converged solution does occur and spatial convergence is now clarified. (7) The realistic nature of these coefficients is c...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A model study of tidal distributions in the Celtic and Irish Sea regions determined with finite volume and finite element models

2011

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“…This approach with its ability to reduce the mesh size in shallow water is a valuable alternative to nesting finite difference models and has been used by a number of authors (e.g. Fernandes et al 2002Fernandes et al , 2004Ip et al 1998;Jones 2002;Levasseur et al, 2007;Nicolle and Karpytchev 2007;Walters 2005;Werner 1995). However, the choice of an optimal grid is complex (Greenberg et al 2007;Legrand et al 2006;Hagen et al 2001Hagen et al , 2002, and in the calculations described here, no effort has been made to optimise the grid, although its size reduces as water depth decreases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Storm surge computations in estuarine and near-coastal regions: the Mersey estuary and Irish Sea area

Jones

Davies

2009

Ocean Dynamics

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An unstructured grid storm surge model of the west coast of Britain, incorporating a high-resolution representation of the Mersey estuary is used to examine storm surge dynamics in the region. The focus of the study is the major surge that occurred during the period 11-14 November 1977, which has been investigated previously using uniform grid finite difference models and a finite element model of the west coast of Britain. However, none of these models included the Mersey estuary. Comparison of solutions in the eastern Irish Sea with those computed with these earlier models showed that, away from the Liverpool Bay region, the inclusion of the Mersey estuary had little effect. However, at the entrance to the Mersey, its inclusion did influence the solution. By including a detailed representation of the Mersey estuary within the model, it was possible to conduct a detailed study of storm surge propagation in the Mersey, which had never previously been performed. This detailed study showed for the first time that the surge's temporal variability within the estuary is influenced by surge elevation at its entrance. This varies with time as a function of spatial and temporal variations of wind stress over the west coast of Britain. Within the Mersey, calculations show that the spatial variability is mainly determined by changes in bottom topography, which had not been included in earlier finite difference models. However, since water depth is influenced by variations in tidal elevation, this, together with tide surge interaction through bottom friction and momentum advection, influences the surge. The ability of the finite element model to vary the mesh in near-shore regions to such an extent that it can resolve the Mersey and hence the impact of the Mersey estuary upon the Liverpool Bay circulation shows that it has distinct advantages over earlier finite difference models. In the absence of detailed measurements within the Mersey at the time of the surge, it was not possible to validate predicted surge elevations within the Mersey. However, significant insight into physical processes influencing the surge propagation down the estuary, its reflection and spatial/temporal variability could be gained.

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“…inclusion and exclusion of cells, are either far from smooth or too expensive for practical engineering purposes. In the last decades a variety of approaches have been proposed to represent wetting and drying processes in finite volume, finite differences and finite element numerical methods for shallow water flows [2,3,5,[8][9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A simple wetting and drying method for shallow water flow with application in the Vitória Bay estuary, Brazil

Barros¹,

Rosman²,

Telles³

et al. 2011

WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment

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This paper presents a simple and effective method to model wetting and drying processes in natural water bodies. The proposed method has been nicknamed "rough-porous layer", or RPL. It bears similarities with the so called marsh porosity method, but is simpler to implement, mass conserving and does not affect wave celerity in wet areas. The method can be easily implemented in finite element models, what makes it useful in numerical modeling of natural water bodies with intricate topographies. A standard testing case of a basin with variable slope is used for validations and comparison with other methods. The effectiveness of the RPL is better evaluated in modeling the complex Vitória Bay estuary (Brazil) with its extensive mangrove areas.

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Simulation of Estuarine Flooding and Dewatering with Application to Great Bay, New Hampshire

Cited by 60 publications

References 7 publications

A model study of tidal distributions in the Celtic and Irish Sea regions determined with finite volume and finite element models

A model study of tidal distributions in the Celtic and Irish Sea regions determined with finite volume and finite element models

Storm surge computations in estuarine and near-coastal regions: the Mersey estuary and Irish Sea area

A simple wetting and drying method for shallow water flow with application in the Vitória Bay estuary, Brazil

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