Simulation of Electric Quadrupole and Magnetic Dipole Transition Efficiencies in Optical Near Fields Generated by a Subwavelength Slit Array

Deguchi, Kazuhiro; Okuda, M.; Iwamae, Atsushi; Nakamura, Hiroaki; Sawada, Keiji; Hasuo, Masahiro

doi:10.1143/jpsj.78.024301

Cited by 12 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…These nondipolar transitions, often termed as forbidden ones, can be tremendously enhanced due to large higher-order field components. 16,18,21,22 In passing, we note that these higher-order components may also be used to excite dark modes in plasmonic systems using strong field gradients. 23 Such modes may also couple to quantum systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Controlling the dynamics of quantum mechanical systems sustaining dipole-forbidden transitions via optical nanoantennas

et al. 2012

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We suggest to excite dipole-forbidden transitions in quantum mechanical systems by using appropriately designed optical nanoantennas. The antennas are tailored such that their near field contains sufficiently strong contributions of higher-order multipole moments. The strengths of these moments exceed their free-space analogs by several orders of magnitude. The impact of such excitation enhancement is exemplarily investigated by studying the dynamics of a three-level system. It decays upon excitation by an electric quadrupole transition via two electric dipole transitions. Since one dipole transition is assumed to be radiative, the enhancement of this emission serves as a figure of merit. Such self-consistent treatment of excitation, emission, and internal dynamics as developed in this contribution is the key to predict any observable quantity. The suggested scheme may represent a blueprint for future experiments and will find many obvious spectroscopic and sensing applications.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Controlling the dynamics of quantum mechanical systems sustaining dipole-forbidden transitions via optical nanoantennas

et al. 2012

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“…The quadrupole enhancement factor has also been calculated for subwavelength metallic gratings in a recent numerical study [19]. Apart from strong enhancement at the rectangular grating's corners, high values of f Q ∼ 1000 are only reported for nearly vanishing F int and thus low F Q .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…In the near field behind a subwavelength aperture, the wave vector can be approximated by k = 1/w, where w is the width of the aperture [19]. By replacing w with the antenna's gap width g, this leads to a value of f Q = (kg) −2 for the enhancement near the gap, indicated by the red dashed lines in Fig.…”

Section: A Absorption Enhancementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strong enhancement of forbidden atomic transitions using plasmonic nanostructures

Kern

Martin

2012

Phys. Rev. A

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We investigate the mediation of symmetry-forbidden atomic transitions using plasmonic nanostructures. We show that the excitation of the electric dipole-forbidden, quadrupole-allowed 6 2 S 1/2 − 5 2 D 5/2 transition in cesium may be enhanced by more than 6 orders of magnitude in the intense, inhomogeneous near field of a plasmonic nanoantenna. Using optical reciprocity, the enhancement can be understood to apply to spontaneous emission as well, allowing the fast and efficient optical detection of excited atoms.

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“…We investigate polarization properties and optical pumping processes responsible for the E2 spectral line intensities, demonstrating the important role played by transit time relaxation. This work should pave the way to investigate such specific properties as transfer of non-zero e.m. orbital angular momentum to atomic systems [17,18], vapor-surface physics [7,8] and atomic gas combined with nanostructured interface [19][20][21].…”

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confidence: 99%

Doppler-free approach to optical pumping dynamics in the 6S_1/2−5D_5/2 electric quadrupole transition of cesium vapor

et al. 2016

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The 6S 1/2 − 5D 5/2 electric quadrupole transition is investigated in Cesium vapor at room temperature via nonlinear Doppler-free 6P-6S-5D three-level spectroscopy. Frequency-resolved studies of individual E2 hyperfine lines allow one to analyze optical pumping dynamics, polarization selection rules and line intensities. It opens the way to studies of transfer of light orbital angular momentum to atoms, and the influence of metamaterials on E2 line spectra. © 2018 Optical Society of America OCIS codes: (020.2930) Hyperfine structure; (300.6420) Spectroscopy, nonlinear; (300.6210) Spectroscopy, atomic; (140.0140) Lasers and laser optics http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OL.41.002005With the appearance of laser sources, nonlinear Doppler-free Laser Spectroscopy (DFLS) has undergone a very fast development. It has been utilized for atomic and molecular spectral analyses, collisional studies in the vapor phase and investigation of fundamental processes [1,2]. Up to now, in atomic physics, DFLS has been mainly performed by using laser sources resonant for electric-dipole (E1) transitions. Dipoleforbidden transitions, particularly electric quadrupole (E2) transitions, are important in new avenues of atomic physics for fundamental studies like parity violation [3] or devising of ultrahigh-accuracy optical clocks [4][5][6]. Spectroscopic studies of E2 transitions in vapors are generally hindered by Dopplerbroadening, and in most cases averaged over the internal structure of the E2 transition (e.g. hyperfine multiplets) [7,8]. A noteworthy exception is the early work by Weber and Sansonetti [9] who performed resonantly enhanced stepwise excitation to high lying states of Cesium, using the 5D 3/2 level as the intermediates state. In this way, they have been able to get Doppler-free spectra and resolve the hyperfine lines of the 6S 1/2 − 5D 3/2 E2 transition. Recent studies include Dopplerfree 5p-6p transitions in Rubidium [10] and magnetic-fieldmixing of forbidden hyperfine transitions of Cs D2 line [11]. Another well-explored approach to study the internal structure of highly-excited D levels of alkalis and measure their energy makes use of Doppler-free two-photon spectroscopy [12,13]. In this letter we analyze Doppler-free hyperfine spectral lines of the Cs 6S 1/2 − 5D 5/2 E2 transition, as observed via threelevel Raman-type nonlinear spectroscopy [14][15][16] on the 6P-6S-5D coupled system. We investigate polarization properties and optical pumping processes responsible for the E2 spectral line intensities, demonstrating the important role played by transit time relaxation. This work should pave the way to investigate such specific properties as transfer of non-zero e.m. orbital angular momentum to atomic systems [17,18], vapor-surface physics [7,8] and atomic gas combined with nanostructured interface [19][20][21].To investigate Doppler-free spectroscopic characteristics on an E2 transition, we address the 6S 1/2 → 6D 5/2 transition of Cesium at λ = 685 nm (Fig. 1). This E2 line has a transition rate of γ 5D−6S = 2π · 3.5...

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Simulation of Electric Quadrupole and Magnetic Dipole Transition Efficiencies in Optical Near Fields Generated by a Subwavelength Slit Array

Cited by 12 publications

References 8 publications

Controlling the dynamics of quantum mechanical systems sustaining dipole-forbidden transitions via optical nanoantennas

Controlling the dynamics of quantum mechanical systems sustaining dipole-forbidden transitions via optical nanoantennas

Strong enhancement of forbidden atomic transitions using plasmonic nanostructures

Doppler-free approach to optical pumping dynamics in the 6S_1/2−5D_5/2 electric quadrupole transition of cesium vapor

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