Simulation of ecohydrological processes influencing water supplies in the Tuul River watershed of Mongolia

Norvanchig, Javzansuren; Randhir, Timothy O.

doi:10.2166/hydro.2021.056

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 43 publications

(62 reference statements)

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“…City profile Ulaanbaatar is Mongolia's capital city. The population of Ulaanbaatar is around 1.6 million [28] which represents nearly 50% of the country's total population [29]. Due to its high altitude (about 1,350 metres above sea level) and continental location, Ulaanbaatar experiences extreme seasonal variations in temperature.…”

Section: 1mentioning

confidence: 99%

A preliminary assessment of urban water security in Ulaanbaatar, a semi-arid region in Mongolia.

Fuertes¹

2023

Preprint

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Water security is one of the biggest challenges of the 21st century. Understanding context-specific challenges and opportunities around this issue is key to improving water systems globally. This paper explores the current state of urban water security in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia’s capital city. Ulaanbaatar is home to more than 40% of the country’s population and 60% of its national GDP. The city is located in the Tuul River basin and relies almost entirely on groundwater aquifers of the Tuul River for its supply of clean drinking water. In recent years, socio-economic stressors resulting from rapid urbanisation and environmental pressures have intensified the levels of degradation of the Tuul River and intensified the risks of water insecurity for the population of Ulaanbaatar. This study combines quantitative and qualitative methods to provide a preliminary assessment of water security at the urban level. This paper presents an urban water security index for the dimensions of water supply and sanitation, water productivity, water environment, water-related disasters and water governance. The findings and discussion are supplemented with information from key informant interviews. This paper concludes by highlighting the important limitations that exist in terms of data availability for an urban scale assessment. The results suggest that important water security inequalities also prevail within the Ulaanbaatar city-region itself which are often masked by using average scores in assessments of this sort.

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Section: 1mentioning

confidence: 99%

A preliminary assessment of urban water security in Ulaanbaatar, a semi-arid region in Mongolia.

Fuertes¹

2023

Preprint

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“…Studies have been conducted to estimate water resources using the long-term discharge data and flow measurements, as well as, some specific models, such as SWAT, RIBASIM, HBV, and HEC-Geo HMS in the Tuul River basin. For instance, in recent years many national hydrologists tried to apply Soil Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) in simulating ecohydrological process and climate change impact in the Tuul River basin [6]- [8]. They concluded that the hydrological model has performed well in simulating hydrological processes in watersheds and emphasized that data availability, monitoring information for the calibration and validation of the simulation model, were major limitations of those research works.…”

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confidence: 99%

InVEST model-based estimation of water yield in the Upper Tuul river basin

Munkhtur

Batnyam

2022

Proc. Mong. Acad. Sci.

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The estimation and mapping of water yield are of significant importance to the effective planning and management of water resources in Mongolia. In this study, we quantified and assessed the water yield of the Upper Tuul River basin using the Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs (InVEST) Water yield model. The study aimed to test whether it is possible to estimate the water yield of the selected research area using the model. The required input data included land use and land cover, mean annual precipitation and potential evapotranspiration, soil depth, and plant available water content. In addition, those data were obtained from Landsat 8, Climate Hazards Group Infrared Precipitation with Station data (CHIRPS), MODIS Global Terrestrial Evapotranspiration Product (MOD16), and International Soil Reference and Information Centre (ISRIC) database. Finally, we generated spatial distribution maps, namely, mean actual evapotranspiration (mm), mean water yield (mm), and the volume of water yield (km3) by pixel within the research area. According to the modelling results, the estimated value for mean annual precipitation was 295.08 mm, and 827.09 mm respectively for potential evapotranspiration, 229.13 mm for average actual evapotranspiration, 55.89 mm and 0.43 km3 for water yield within the study area. The result was slightly higher (15.1 mm) in terms of mean actual evapotranspiration compared to the results of previous studies, conducted in the same research area, and it was found that the potential water yield in the study area has also been impacted. However, the InVEST (Water Yield) model can be used for future research studies concerning water yield and resource in river basins as it is possible to further improve the model results by using in-situ measurement data and satellite products with high spatial accuracy as input data.

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“…The year to year fluctuations in rainfall as well as the fluctuations within the monsoon season governs the crop growth its development and yield potential [9,10]. Even in monsoon months also crops are subjected to moisture stress due to occasional dry spells [11,12]. The rainfall distribution is erratic making the crop vulnerable to abiotic stress beyond management level even during monsoon.…”

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confidence: 99%

Estimation of Water Balance Components of Patapur Micro Watershed in the Tungabhadra River Basin Using QSWAT Model in QGIS Environment

Dashavant

Dandu

2022

IJECC

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Aims: Estimation of water balance components of a micro watershed by employing efficient calibrated and validated SWAT model helps to understand each components of water balance and are important to plan agricultural water management, climate change impact assessment, flow forecasting, water quality assessment etc. This water balance study minimizes possibility of drought and mismanagement, and hence will lead to a proper utilization of accessible water resource. Place and Duration of Study: In the present study, QSWAT hydrological model was calibrated and validated using measured runoff data from the outlet of the micro watershed and then put to use for long term simulations in Patapur micro watershed, Raichur District, Karnataka using weather, land use and land cover, soil and digital elevation model for the period of 37 years (1980-2016). Methodology: The QSWAT model was set up using the input data of Patapur micro watershed and was accurately calibrated and validated using the measured runoff data. The calibrated was used for long term simulation from 1980-2016 and then water balance components of the micro watershed was estimated. Results: The results revealed that the QSWAT model performed better in simulating the runoff and other water balance components. The daily calibration statistics results for behavioral parameters in SWAT-CUP for stream flow discharge during the period 2012-2014 are R2, NS, PBIAS and RSR values between measured and simulated by model was found to be 0.88, 0.87, -21.30 and 0.36, respectively indicating the model performance for daily calibration was very good in terms of both R2 and NS value as their value being >0.75 as per the performance ratings of hydrological model. The water yield that is draining out of the watershed includes surface runoff, lateral flow and groundwater contribution to stream flow minus the transmission losses (water lost as deep percolation and evapo-transpiration) which amounts to 168.40 mm. The annual water balance components for the watershed indicated that out of 527.70 mm of annual precipitation, 322.50 mm and 114.91 mm was lost by evapo-transpiration and surface runoff, respectively. The water balance also revealed that 82.86 mm was contributed to groundwater by percolating into shallow aquifer which was followed by 43.40 mm of base flow but the ground water recharge and storage is very meager that accounts to only 4.14 mm that is the matter of concern over the micro watershed. The simulation model indicates that 58.77 to 64.54% by rainfall was lost by evapotranspiration and very less amount lost through the lateral flow. Groundwater flow and percolation were contributing 3.68 to 10.13% and 9.95 to 19.82 % respectively, from total rainfall. During the highest rainfall year, about 33.22, 10.13% and 1.10% of the rainfall was transformed into surface runoff, groundwater flow and lateral flow respectively. During lowest rainfall year, about 8.31%, 3.68% and 1.35% of the rainfall was transformed into surface runoff, groundwater flow and lateral flow respectively.

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Simulation of ecohydrological processes influencing water supplies in the Tuul River watershed of Mongolia

Cited by 7 publications

References 43 publications

A preliminary assessment of urban water security in Ulaanbaatar, a semi-arid region in Mongolia.

A preliminary assessment of urban water security in Ulaanbaatar, a semi-arid region in Mongolia.

InVEST model-based estimation of water yield in the Upper Tuul river basin

Estimation of Water Balance Components of Patapur Micro Watershed in the Tungabhadra River Basin Using QSWAT Model in QGIS Environment

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