Simulation of dynamic response of projectile and granular target

Abstract

Abstract. In the present study, the three-dimensional elastic discrete element method (DEM) and the elastic finite element method (FEM) analysis were, respectively, applied to the randomly distributed identical spheres as a granular target and to the cylindrical projectiles in order to clarify dynamic response during penetration. In the target, it was found that highly densified region was formed just ahead of the projectile and began to propagate spherically at much higher velocity than that of projectile leaving relatively rarefied region. It was also found that the peak resistance during penetration was closely related to the initial formation of densified region and was expressed in terms of momentum change of target particles accelerated by the projectile. Stress wave propagation in the projectiles with various body lengths was investigated during penetration and was discussed in connection with dynamic response of target particles ahead of the projectile. Effect of mechanical properties of projectile on the peak resistance was also investigated and was understood in connection with dynamic behavior of target particles.

DEM/FEM Simulations of Dynamic Response of Projectile Penetrating into Granular Medium

“…Periodical Decrease of Resistance Force. Stress wave reverberates in the projectile as already reported [6]. Thus, the resistance force decreased periodically after it reached the peak value.…”

Advances in Projectile Penetration Mechanism in Soil Media

“…They reached the conclusion that the penetration depth, the residual velocity, and the projectile deceleration amplitude increases with the projectile's initial velocity. "Three-dimensional dynamic FEM and DEM simulations" of behaviors of penetration into granular target is performed by Ogawa et al [102] considering the impact of cylindrical projectiles on randomly distributed identical spheres. They noticed that this highly densified area was created just before the projectile and began to spherically propagate at a much higher speed than that of the projectile leaving a fairly rare area.…”