Simulation of carbon fibre composites in an industrial microwave

Nuhiji, Betime; Bower, Matthew P.; Swait, T.J.; Phadnis, Vaibhav A.; Day, Richard; Scaife, Richard J.

doi:10.1016/j.matpr.2020.01.284

Cited by 16 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Numerous scientific publications have investigated MW curing of composites closed cavity magnetron systems, as discussed in section 2.1.2 [15,31,56,57,67,68]. The closed cavity MW systems consist of a sealed metallic chamber that contains any MW energy that is emitted into the chamber.…”

Section: Mw Curing Methodologies and Use Casesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel composite curing methods for sustainable manufacture: A review

Collinson

Bower²,

Swait³

et al. 2022

Composites Part C: Open Access

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Section: Mw Curing Methodologies and Use Casesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel composite curing methods for sustainable manufacture: A review

Collinson

Bower²,

Swait³

et al. 2022

Composites Part C: Open Access

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“…The dryer proposed in this study presented a hexagonal cavity to reduce the wave attenuation and to provide a better focusing of the electromagnetic waves in the center of the equipment, based on the HEPHAISTOS‐CA2 (High Electromagnetic Power Heating Automated Injected Structures Oven System), reported by Feher and Manfred (2004) and Nuhiji et al (2020).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid drying of pulped arabica coffee cherry beans (Coffea arabica L. cv. Catuai) using a hexagonal microwave dryer designed by numerical simulations

Costa

Alvarenga

Mesquita

et al. 2021

J Food Process Engineering

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The consumption of specialty coffees has been increasing significantly in recent years. Their quality is influenced by several factors and the drying method is the most important. In order to reduce drying time and maintain the quality of the coffee, several techniques have been used, among which the microwave‐assisted convective drying stands out. In this work, a hexagonal microwave dryer was developed using numerical simulation techniques; then some parameters were evaluated in drying of special coffee using air at room temperature and microwaves heating, named hybrid drying. The results showed that the simulations reaches good results, being possible its use in the prediction of the electromagnetic fields and dimensioning of hexagonal cavities. In addition, the prototype performed well in the coffee drying, influenced by the coffee mass, temperature and time, reducing the moisture content from 50.4 to 10 g/100 g wet basis in 5 hr. The hybrid drying was advantageous compared with convective or microwave drying processes. Practical applications Special coffees require long drying times so that there is no loss of product quality. The application of hybrid drying by including microwave heating in the drying equipment reduces the energy cost and the processing time, providing an improvement in the processing of specialty coffees. Through this work, it was possible to verify the scale‐up potential of the microwave cavities by simulation and the hybrid drying of special coffees. The use of numerical simulation techniques for the design and scale‐up of microwave cavities will help researchers and the industry to dimension cavities for use in several scientific areas, further spreading hybrid drying via microwave.

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“…on microwave field distributions inside the microwave chamber, and they indicated that hexagonal shapes could generate the most homogeneous microwave fields compared to cylindrical and rectangular shapes and other shapes. They subsequently built a HEPHISTOS microwave system, which features a hexagonal chamber and dedicatedly designed waveguides, and then they cured the unidirectional laminate by using this system to prove its capability [ 18 , 22 , 23 ]. In 2018, Daniel et al improved this system by increasing the number of microwave sources and adding mode stirrers and a water pipe to absorb excessive microwave power [ 24 , 25 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvements in Temperature Uniformity in Carbon Fiber Composites during Microwave-Curing Processes via a Recently Developed Microwave Equipped with a Three-Dimensional Motion System

et al. 2023

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Curing processes for carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer composites via microwave heating are promising alternatives to conventional thermal curing because this technology results in nonhomogeneous temperature distributions, which hinder its further development in industries. This paper proposes a novel method for improving heating homogeneities by employing three-dimensional motion with respect to the prepreg laminate used in the microwave field by using a recently developed microwave system. The maximum temperature deviation on the surface of the laminate can be controlled within 8.7 °C during the entire curing process, and it produces an average heating rate of 1.42 °C/min. The FT−IR analyses indicate that microwave heating would slightly influence hydroxyl and methylene contents in the cured laminate. The DMA measurements demonstrate that the glass transition temperatures can be improved by applying proper microwave-curing processes. Optical microscopy and mechanical tests reveal that curing the prepreg laminate by using a multistep curing process that initially cures the laminate at the resin’s lowest viscosity for 10 min followed by curing the laminate at a high temperature for a short period of time would be favorable for yielding a sample with low void contents and the desired mechanical properties. All these analyses are supposed to prove the feasibility of controlling the temperature difference during microwave-curing processes within a reasonable range and provide a cured laminate with improved properties compared with conventional thermally cured products.

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Simulation of carbon fibre composites in an industrial microwave

Cited by 16 publications

References 30 publications

Novel composite curing methods for sustainable manufacture: A review

Novel composite curing methods for sustainable manufacture: A review

Hybrid drying of pulped arabica coffee cherry beans (Coffea arabica L. cv. Catuai) using a hexagonal microwave dryer designed by numerical simulations

Improvements in Temperature Uniformity in Carbon Fiber Composites during Microwave-Curing Processes via a Recently Developed Microwave Equipped with a Three-Dimensional Motion System

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