Simulation of carbon and nitrogen transformations in soil: Mineralization

Grant, R. F.; Juma, N. G.; McGill, W. B.

doi:10.1016/0038-0717(93)90046-e

Cited by 121 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The ecosystem model ecosys simulates microbial oxidationreduction reactions under different soil amendments such as crop residue [Grant et al, 1993a], fertilizer [Grant, 1993d;Grant, 1995] …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mathematical modeling of nitrous oxide emissions from an agricultural field during spring thaw

Grant¹,

Pattey²

1999

Global Biogeochemical Cycles

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Abstract. Confidence in regional estimates of N20 emissions used in national greenhouse gas inventories could be improved by using mathematical models of the biological and physical processes by which these emissions are known to be controlled. However these models must first be rigorously tested against field measurements of N20 fluxes under well documented site conditions. Spring thaw is an active period of N20 emission in northern ecosystems and thus presents conditions well suited to model testing. The mathematical model ecosys, in which the biological and physical processes that control N20 emissions are explicitly represented, was tested against N20 and CO2 fluxes measured continuously during winter and spring thaw using gradient and eddy covariance techniques. In the model, ice formation at the soil surface constrained soilatmosphere gas exchange during the winter, causing low soil 02 concentrations and consequent accumulation of denitrification products in the soil profile. The removal of this constraint to gas exchange during spring thaw caused episodic emissions of N20 and CO2, the timing and intensities of which were similar to those measured in the field. Temporal variation in these emissions, both simulated and measured, was high, with those of N20 ranging from near zero to as much as 0.8 mg N m -2 h -• within a few hours. Such variation should be accounted for in ecosystem models used for temporal integration of N20 fluxes when making long-term estimates of N20 emissions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Each Mi, h has structural components Mi, h,j, where j is labile, resistant, or storage. The labile component is used to divide each Mi, h into active a or quiescent q kinetic components from which the specific activity of each population is calculated [Grant et al, 1993a] …”

Section: Generalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mathematical modeling of nitrous oxide emissions from an agricultural field during spring thaw

Grant¹,

Pattey²

1999

Global Biogeochemical Cycles

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“…In fact such pool would require a large number of additional analytical parameters to calibrate the model. (Molina et al, 1983;Sallih and Pansu, 1993;Grant et al, 1993b). …”

Section: Model Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation of C and N in the soil microbial biomass after straw Incorporation into soil

Agostini¹,

Sholefield²

2006

Ital J Agronomy

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Straw incorporation into soil seems to limit N leaching as well as improving soil structure and contributing to C storage in soil. A better understanding of its effect on the dynamics of soil N can be reached using a model simulating C and N contents in soil biomass. A simple model has been developed modifying the sub-routine of crop residue decomposition implemented in the SUNDIAL package. The updated model calculates daily N and C in microbial biomass, using an increased number of pools with different decomposition rates in order to simulate the differentiate decomposition carried out by soil fungal and bacterial populations. The model has been calibrated using results of a laboratory experiment, and then validated using published data from a field experiment on straw incorporation. In both cases soil moisture content and temperature has not been taken into account to carry out a more robust evaluation. The new model, which uses composite pools instead of single pools to describe the residual and the microbial biomass pools, can more accurately predict C and N contents in microbial soil biomass shortly after straw incorporation; however it is still inaccurate in simulating longer scenarios (365 days). The work presented here shows how even a semi-empirical model such as SUNDIAL when properly modified can simulate the effect of straw incorporation, however further work is required to determine a possible microbial and or chemical justification for the empirical splitting of the decomposition pool.

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“…However, some values of mineral desorption rates found in the literature (Ahrens et al, 2015) suggest that these rates, although important in the long term, are too slow to have a noticeable impact on the timescale of this or similar experiments, and thus on most estimates of soil respiration temperature sensitivities. Finally, nitrogen requirements will impose limits on the growth of microbial communities, which in models with microbial driven uptake and/or decomposition will also regulate C fluxes (Grant et al, 1993;Manzoni et al, 2012a). Despite such limitations, we demonstrated the effects and relevance of combining Michaelis-Menten kinetics with diffusion in mineral soils, with model results being well supported by the data.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

Diffusion limitations and Michaelis–Menten kinetics as drivers of combined temperature and moisture effects on carbon fluxes of mineral soils

Moyano¹,

Vasilyeva

Menichetti

2018

Biogeosciences

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Abstract. CO 2 production in soils responds strongly to changes in temperature and moisture, but the magnitude of such responses at different timescales remains difficult to predict. Knowledge of the mechanisms leading to the often observed interactions in the effects of these drivers on soil CO 2 emissions is especially limited. Here we test the ability of different soil carbon models to simulate responses measured in soils incubated at a range of moisture levels and cycled through 5, 20, and 35 • C. We applied parameter optimization methods while modifying two structural components of models: (1) the reaction kinetics of decomposition and uptake and (2) the functions relating fluxes to soil moisture. We found that the observed interactive patterns were best simulated by a model using Michaelis-Menten decomposition kinetics combined with diffusion of dissolved carbon (C) and enzymes. In contrast, conventional empirical functions that scale decomposition rates directly were unable to properly simulate the main observed interactions. Our best model was able to explain 87 % of the variation in the data. Model simulations revealed a central role of MichaelisMenten kinetics as a driver of temperature sensitivity variations as well as a decoupling of decomposition and respiration C fluxes in the short and mid-term, with general sensitivities to temperature and moisture being more pronounced for respiration. Sensitivity to different model parameters was highest for those affecting diffusion limitations, followed by activation energies, the Michaelis-Menten constant, and carbon use efficiency. Testing against independent data strongly validated the model (R 2 = 0.99) and highlighted the importance of initial soil C pool conditions. Our results demonstrate the importance of model structure and the central role of diffusion and reaction kinetics for simulating and understanding complex dynamics in soil C.

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Simulation of carbon and nitrogen transformations in soil: Mineralization

Cited by 121 publications

References 34 publications

Mathematical modeling of nitrous oxide emissions from an agricultural field during spring thaw

Mathematical modeling of nitrous oxide emissions from an agricultural field during spring thaw

Simulation of C and N in the soil microbial biomass after straw Incorporation into soil

Diffusion limitations and Michaelis–Menten kinetics as drivers of combined temperature and moisture effects on carbon fluxes of mineral soils

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