Simulation of burning velocities in gases vented from thermal run-a-way lithium ion batteries

Johnsplass, Jonathan; Henriksen, Mathias; Vågsæther, Knut; Lundberg, Joachim; Bjerketvedt, Dag

doi:10.3384/ecp17138157

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 1 publication

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Accurate quantification of ejection velocity and temperature of these materials are a challenging subject. So far, most studies aimed to analyze the combustion chemistry of the organic solvents used in LIB [149] or the mixture of the vented gases at TR [150,151].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Johnsplass et al [151] modelled the laminar burning velocities of the ejecting gases from the LIB premixed with air. It was reported that the burning of vented gases is comparable to propane and methane, presenting a serious hazard of explosion and fires in enclosures, and laminar burning velocities of the gases are similar or slightly higher than that of methane.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A Review of Experimental and Numerical Studies of Lithium Ion Battery Fires

2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are used extensively worldwide in a varied range of applications. However, LIBs present a considerable fire risk due to their flammable and frequently unstable components. This paper reviews experimental and numerical studies to understand parametric factors that have the greatest influence on the fire risks associated with LIBs. The LIB chemistry and the state of charge (SOC) are shown to have the greatest influence on the likelihood of a LIB transitioning into thermal runaway (TR) and releasing heats which can be cascaded to cause TR in adjacent cells. The magnitude of the heat release rate (HRR) is quantified to be used as a numerical model input parameter (source term). LIB chemistry, the SOC, and incident heat flux are proven to influence the magnitude of the HRR in all studies reviewed. Therefore, it may be conjectured that the most critical variables in addressing the overall fire safety and mitigating the probability of TR of LIBs are the chemistry and the SOC. The review of numerical modeling shows that it is quite challenging to reproduce experimental results with numerical simulations. Appropriate boundary conditions and fire properties as input parameters are required to model the onset of TR and heat transfer from thereon.

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Experimental and Numerical Studies of Lithium Ion Battery Fires

2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Due to the challenges in accurate measurement of venting gas composition, ejection flow, and combustion reaction mechanisms, a comprehensive simulation of fires produced by flammable gases and other battery materials venting from a battery cell has not been conducted [113]. Most of the existing studies [114][115][116][117][118] aimed to analyze the explosion characteristics or combustion properties of the vented gases and estimate their flammability risk and combustion intensity. The explosion characteristics include (but not limited to) combustion energy [114], laminar burning velocity [115,118], explosion pressure [116][117][118], pressure rise rate [116,118], and laminar flame speed [117,118].…”

Section: Combustion Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress in battery safety modeling

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Battery safety is a critical factor in the design of electrified vehicles. As such, understanding the battery responses under extreme conditions have gained a lot of interest. Previously, abuse tolerance tests were applied to measure the safety metrics of different types of batteries. Nevertheless, conducting these tests in various conditions is usually expensive and time consuming. Computational modeling, on the other hand, provides an efficient and cost-effective tool to evaluate battery performance during abuse, and therefore has been widely used in optimizing the battery system design. In this Perspective, we discuss the main progresses and challenges in battery safety modeling. In particular, we divide the battery safety models into two groups according to the stage in a typical battery failure process. The first group focuses on predicting the failure conditions of batteries in different scenarios, while the second one aims to evaluate the hazard after the onset of battery failure like thermal runaway. Although the models in these groups serve different purposes, they are intercorrelated and their combination provides a better understanding of the failure process of a battery system. The framework, capabilities, and limitations of typical models in each group are presented here. The main challenges in building battery safety models and their future development and applications are also discussed.

show abstract

“…The combustion chemistry of the ejected materials has been addressed in some published studies to assess the thermal hazards [9,28,29]. Johnsplass et al [28] employed the Cantera 2.3.0 code with GRI-Mech 3.0 mechanism to simulate the combustion of three different kinds of abused LIBs in air. Fernandes et al [9] also investigated combustion properties of the released gases in the Chemical Workbench Code and CHEMKIN-II.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%