Simulation of a Distributed Cathode in a Linear-Format Crossed-Field Amplifier

Pearlman, Marcus; Browning, Jim

doi:10.1109/tps.2018.2844732

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…This paper is the second of two papers [9] studying a low frequency (150 MHz), low power (100 W), linear format CFAs. In this paper, the results from modulating the cathode are presented compared to the first paper in which only uniform emission was studied, and these new results clearly shown that the modulation can improve CFA gain and efficiency offering a potentially new method of operation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The simulation software used is VSim, which is a particlein-cell code which solves for both the electromagnetic and electrostatic fields and for particle motion [12]. The simulation model is discussed in great detail in [9], but a short description is given here. Note that there are differences between the simulation and the original experiment, and these are described at the end of the section.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The electrostatic and electromagnetic solvers use different boundary conditions. The boundary conditions for the electrostatic solver are shown in section III of [9]. They create the electric field between the cathode, sole, circuit, beam optic electrode, and end hats while keeping the simulation domain size minimized.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Four different main cathode types were tested in this work: 1) injected beam, 2) static distributed beam, 3) modulated distributed beam, and 4) modulated injected beam. The injected beam configuration was simulated [9] and validated against the experimental NU data in [10], [11]. The static distributed beam configurations were also studied in that work.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While this approximation does not represent the emission from GFEAs in general, the effects on the overall device concept is believed minimal because of the nature of the electron hub in crossed-field devices in which electron kinetic energy is not critical. The divergence free region and its effects are explained in [9]. This region allows emission of electrons from within vacuum at a potential less negative than the sole and prevents any charge buildup at the emission site.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Simulation of a Time-Varying Distributed Cathode in a Linear Format Crossed-Field Amplifier

Pearlman

Browning

2019

IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci.

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The effects of a temporally modulated, distributed cathode in a linear format crossed-field amplifier (CFA) are simulated in VSim and analyzed. A linear format, 150 MHz, low power (100 W), moderate gain (7 dB), meander line CFA is used as the basis for the simulation model. This paper describes simulations with different time-varying distributed cathodes in which electron injection is modulated at the RF frequency both in and out of phase with the RF input. At low RF input power the modulated electron injection dominates the operation. Injecting in phase with the RF input shows gain increases from 23 dB at 150 mA to 32 dB at 1 A for low cathode modulation power (<0.1 W). The CFA efficiency increased from 2-4% to 20-24% using the electron modulation. The simulation shows distinct cylindrically shaped electron bunches as opposed to spokes because of the synchronous injection. These results suggest that for high power magnetrons electron modulation could improve gain. Index Terms-Crossed-field amplifier (CFA), distributed beam, microwave vacuum electron devices II. SIMULATION MODEL The CFA simulated here is based on a design from Northeastern University [10], [11]. A more detailed description of the original device is given in the original work and in our previous paper [9], but a short summary is given here. The device is a linear format, injected beam, 150 MHz

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%