Simulation model for the determination of energy losses during vibrations of the working equipment of a earth-moving machine in the transport mode

Abstract

A simulation model for a earth-moving machine is developed using a motor grader as an example. The model comprises a chassis base frame, a front balancing bridge, rear balancing carts and working equipment – a traction frame with a moldboard. These elements are included in the form of separate moving elements. The simulation model allows the vibrations of the machine units to be explored while it moves along the microrelief of a reference surface, as well as the energy loss due to friction in the suspension elements of the working equipment to be determined. Using this simulation model, the amount of energy accumulated with the help of improved suspension devices for the working equipment of the motor grader can be assessed. This allows for the combination of the vibration damping of the working equipment in the transport mode and the oscillation energy accumulation. The effect of the stiffness and viscous friction coefficients of the hydraulic cylinders for raising and lowering the moldboard with a device for dynamic vibration damping and the accumulation of their energy on the total amount of energy spent on dissipation in the hydraulic components of the working equipment suspension elements is established. The resulting graphical functional dependence allows the optimization of the parameters of the hydraulic, mechanical and electrical parts of the system of the vibration damping and energy storing device to be implemented.

Optimization of design parameters of the vibration protection system of a motor grader seat with quasi-zero stiffness

“…При ее решении необходимо проводить оценку поведения системы при стохастических внешних воздействиях на элементы ходового оборудования автогрейдера, т.е. на имитационной динамической модели базовой машины, описанной в [21]. Модель включает в себя в качестве одной из субмоделей более низкого иерархического уровня, модель виброзащитной системы сиденья, аналитические зависимости которой описаны в работе [17].…”

“…Прочие конструктивные параметры принимали фиксированные значения и соответствовали автогрейдеру ДЗ-98 [21].…”

“…В процессе локальной оптимизации при помощи имитационной математической модели автогрейдера с виброзащитной системой сиденья [21], для вычисления каждого значения функции a s выполняется моделирование перемещений машины по описанному выше тестовому набору стохастических микрорельефов опорной Рис. 4.…”

Study of the external section shape of the static characteristic of the antivibration suspension with a quasi-zero stiffness section

“…The use of vibration isolation systems is a prerequisite for protecting the equipment [2], especially high-precision machines [3] and different vehicles operators [4]. Road [5], construction [6] and mining machines [7], earth-moving and utility vehicles [8] are particularly exposed to the effects of vibrations. Vibrations cause occupational diseases among the machine operators [9].…”

Use of the Belleville spring package in the vibration protection mechanism of the operator’s seat

“…The most urgent problem of these machines is the protection of the operator from the effects of vibrations that occur during the machine operation [2]. The analysis of academic publications shows that operators of all major types of soil-moving machines, such as bulldozers [3], graders [4], excavators [5], road cleaning machines [6], front loaders [7], scrapers [8], are exposed to significant vibrations. Hand tools for breaking soil, rocks, or asphalt-concrete pavement also transmit significant vibrations to the operator [9].…”