Simulation for estimation of hydrogen sulfide scavenger injection dose rate for treatment of crude oil

Abstract

The presence of hydrogen sulfide in the hydrocarbon fluids is a well known problem in many oil and gas fields. Hydrogen sulfide is an undesirable contaminant which presents many environmental and safety hazards. It is corrosive, malodorous, and toxic. Accordingly, a need has been long left in the industry to develop a process which can successfully remove hydrogen sulfide from the hydrocarbons or at least reduce its level during the production, storage or processing to a level that satisfies safety and product specification requirements. The common method used to remove or reduce the concentration of hydrogen sulfide in the hydrocarbon production fluids is to inject the hydrogen sulfide scavenger into the hydrocarbon stream. One of the chemicals produced by the Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute (EPRI) is EPRI H 2 S scavenger. It is used in some of the Egyptian petroleum producing companies. The injection dose rate of H 2 S scavenger is usually determined by experimental lab tests and field trials. In this work, this injection dose rate is mathematically estimated by modeling and simulation of an oil producing field belonging to Petrobel Company in Egypt which uses EPRI H 2 S scavenger. Comparison between the calculated and practical values of injection dose rate emphasizes the real ability of the proposed equation. Ó 2015 Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/ 4.0/).

Elucidating the Reaction Mechanisms between Triazine and Hydrogen Sulfide with pH Variation Using Mass Spectrometry

“…Effect of Acidity on the Reaction between Triazine and H 2 S. As reported in the literature, 7,11,12 the pH of the reaction solution has a significant effect on the efficiency of H 2 S scavenging using triazine. To explore the effect of solution pH on the reaction between triazine and Na 2 S, we adjusted its acidity by using HOAc.…”

“…However, the effectiveness of triazine on H 2 S removal is strongly dependent on temperature, pH, contact time, and natural gas composition. 11,12 Among them, the pH value of oil and gas fields varies significantly with the depth of the well. 13 This would have a great effect on triazine reactivity with H 2 S, because the hydrolysis rate of triazine is strongly dependent on the pH of the reaction solution.…”

“…The resulting thiadiazine then reacts with H 2 S, forming 5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-hexa-hydro-1,3,5-dithiazine (dithiazine), which further interacts with H 2 S, finally producing s-trithiane (trithiane). However, the effectiveness of triazine on H 2 S removal is strongly dependent on temperature, pH, contact time, and natural gas composition. , Among them, the pH value of oil and gas fields varies significantly with the depth of the well . This would have a great effect on triazine reactivity with H 2 S, because the hydrolysis rate of triazine is strongly dependent on the pH of the reaction solution .…”

Hydrogen sulphide detection using near-infrared diode laser and compact dense-pattern multipass cell*

“…Anthropogenic sources such as petroleum extraction, paper mills, and fossil burning contribute a substantial amount of hydrogen sulphide emitted into the environment. [4][5][6] The H 2 S is also a significant amount of natural gas which is extremely corrosive for the gas-pipeline system, especially when it also contains water vapor in high concentration. Thus, the concentration of hydrogen sulfide in natural gas needs to be strictly regulated and controlled.…”