Simulation Design and Testing of a Dielectric Embedded Tapered Slot Uwb Antenna for Breast Cancer Detection

Abstract

Abstract-A distortion-less ultra-wideband tapered slot antenna is designed to achieve wide band impedance matching and high gain without requiring coupling liquids. The antenna is embedded in a suitable dielectric material for compact size and performance improvement. The near-field test is simulated by placing several field probes near the antenna to plot the radiation pattern and polarization isolation. The antenna exhibits a highly directive pattern and polarization isolation in near field. The time domain antenna distortion is tested by calculating the fidelity and group delay. The results show low distortion and also show the importance of covering the antenna by dielectric layers for bandwidth increment and distortion reduction. To evaluate the antenna performance in breast cancer detection, three breast phantoms are imaged by using the raster scan imaging method. Two approaches are proposed to detect tumors without the need of breast background data. The approaches based on the effect of the tumor on transmission and reflection parameters on the frequency band allowed for medical applications. The obtained images show the antenna to be a strong candidate for breast imaging as well as in tumor detection for different scenarios that include complex multi-layer phantom and small tumor.

Phase‐based window function and CD‐DMAS beamforming for microwave breast cancer detection

“…In the simulation, the databases in [21] are used to obtain the frequency-dependent skin permittivity and conductivity. The dispersion curves of fat and glandular were calculated according to (25)-(28) below [22,23]. The second-order fitting curve is considered in the calculation for better accuracy…”

Monostatic radar‐based microwave imaging of breast tumor detection using a compact cubical dielectric resonator antenna

“…16 Because of easy construction and obtainability of material, a prototype of breast mimic manufactured by using unflavored gelatin crystal layer (ε r = 45-65, σ = 5-20 S/m), petroleum jelly as fat (ε r = 2.36, σ = 0.0012 S/m), and wheat flour + water as tumor (ε r = 23, σ = 2.57 S/m) is used. 17 For the validation of simulated S-parameter, the fabricated DRA is connected to the VNA E5063A. A DRA is placed parallel to the experimentally prepared breast mimic at distance of 5 cm.…”

Breast tissue tumor detection using “S” parameter analysis with an UWB stacked aperture coupled microstrip patch antenna having a “ + ” shaped defected ground structure

“…In order to prove the efficiency of the proposed system in context to the existing literature in this regard, Table 5 compares the performance of the proposed breast cancer detection technique as to the existing techniques reported in the literature. It is observed that the techniques reported in [23, 24, 26] used multistatic radar-based cancer detection (using larger sized antennas except one); therefore the mentioned MWI techniques required the use of an antenna array for the detection and imaging procedure. Secondly, the work reported in [23, 24, 26] did not take into account the SAR of the antennas on the breast phantoms, the frequency band used in the reported work was also poorly matched in terms of impedance bandwidth and some of the researchers did not validate their technique with a breast phantom experimentally.…”

“…It is observed that the techniques reported in [23, 24, 26] used multistatic radar-based cancer detection (using larger sized antennas except one); therefore the mentioned MWI techniques required the use of an antenna array for the detection and imaging procedure. Secondly, the work reported in [23, 24, 26] did not take into account the SAR of the antennas on the breast phantoms, the frequency band used in the reported work was also poorly matched in terms of impedance bandwidth and some of the researchers did not validate their technique with a breast phantom experimentally. The work reported in [25] makes use of a MPA with a reduced ground but their proposed antenna was not able to excite the UWB, the tumor diameter was considered as 13 mm in this case.…”

“…Many antennas like biconical [23], Vivaldi [24], horn [15], and MPA [25, 26] are available in the literature for use in MWI applications [23–26]. Since the detection of breast cancer requires conformable antennas mainly with UWB properties; the larger antenna structures cannot be used in the proposed research work.…”