Simulation based strategic decision making in humanitarian supply chain management

Infrastructure resilience curves: Performance measures and summary metrics

“…Across this literature survey, scenario-dependent weighting is acknowledged but unexplored. Ottenburger and Bai proposed quantifying urban resilience with measures from seven dimensions (e.g., population and demographics, economic development) with weighting "highly dependent on local urban circumstances and conditions" [164]. Massaro et al discussed ensemble measures for epidemic modeling, acknowledging weighting between subpopulations may vary due to the scenario, system, costs, and stakeholder perspectives [165].…”

“…Many publications established their control interval from curve milestones-e.g. 𝑡𝑡 𝑒𝑒 to 𝑡𝑡 𝑓𝑓 [65], [82], [111], [164], [171], [186], [188]- [191] or 𝑡𝑡 𝑠𝑠 to 𝑡𝑡 𝑓𝑓 [17]- [19], [50], [58], [144]. This approach is appropriate in some cases, such as recovery sequencing, but it should be avoided as a general practice.…”

“…[71]- [73], [101], [132], [136], [144], [152], [164], [175], [192], [214], with variations including annual resilience [75], dynamic resilience [169], [217], level of resilience [111], resilience index [25]- [27], [146], [177], [218], and system resilience [59], [129], [133], [219]. Despite this consensus, this manuscript adopts the term cumulative performance for three reasons.…”

“…Fully-normalized metrics varied in their specific formulation. While most publications adopted a global control time, others normalized to curve-specific [𝑡𝑡 𝑒𝑒 , 𝑡𝑡 𝑓𝑓 ] milestones [111], [164], [186], [190], [191]. Performance measures were either normalized by definition [35], [71]- [73], [78], in reference to the pre-disruption performance [111], [144], or relative to target performance curves [24], [59], [129], [132], [192], [193].…”

“…𝐽𝐽(𝑇𝑇 𝑐𝑐 ). Many publications defined their integralbased metrics in terms of curve milestones that vary significantly between scenarios [65], [82], [111], [164], [171], [186], [188]- [191] (e.g., 𝑡𝑡 𝑒𝑒 and 𝑡𝑡 𝑓𝑓 ). For some analyses, such as recovery sequencing, this may be acceptable.…”