Simulation and validation of disbond growth in co-cured composite skin–stringer specimens using cohesive elements

Abstract

Separation of skin and stringer is likely to be a failure mode in co-cured composites stiffened panels where there is considerable out-of-plane deformation. Such deformations are possible when a stiffened skin structure is loaded in compression/shear beyond buckling or in structures which contain a disbond/delamination at the skin–stringer interface. Prediction of damage initiation and progressive growth in numerical simulations require parameters such as interface fracture toughness which have to be obtained through specimen tests. Since interface toughness is generally mode dependent, this study deals with the design and testing of three different configuration of blade stiffened co-cured composite skin–stringer specimens under mode-I and mode-II dominated loading. Finite element numerical models are developed using three-dimensional cohesive elements to predict the disbond growth under mode-I and mode-II dominated loading. The work also addresses the complexities in the convergence of numerical simulations that arise due to cohesive elements. A systematic way to obtain the best values for cohesive element parameters while finding a balance between accuracy of the results, computation time and numerical stability is presented. The present cohesive element modelling and analysis methodology successfully predicted the disbond growth in skin–stringer specimen and can be used to predict disbond/delamination onset or growth in composite stiffened structures subjected to high bending.

Experimental study of post-buckled single-stringer composite specimens under fatigue loads with different load levels and load ratios

“…Delamination, and in particular skin-stringer separation, is a common cause of failure in composite stiffened panels [4]. When the skin begins to buckle, significant interface stresses between skin and stringers appear due to the inherent mismatch in their flexural stiffness, thus making this type of damage among the most critical and difficult to predict [5].…”

Numerical Modelling of Timber Beams with GFRP Pultruded Reinforcement

“…The tensile strength, compressive strength, and Young's modulus of the epoxy resin were 23.43 MPa, 56.54 MPa, and 2112 MPa [27], respectively. The cohesive properties of epoxy resin were obtained from previous experimental studies [27,31,[62][63][64]. The normal and shear stiffness (K nn, K ss , and K tt ) of the epoxy was assumed to be equal (528 N/mm 3 ), and the fracture energy (G f ) was taken as 0.92 N/mm.…”

Numerical FEA parametric analysis of CAI behaviour of CFRP stiffened panels

“…Funding: This study did not receive any specific financial support for the conduct of the research and preparation of the article. Table 3: Examined properties Parameters = = ( / 3 ) ( / 3 ) ( / 2 ) ( / 2 ) Model 1, [39] 3,250 24,920 54 Model 2, [34] 240,000 86,000 64 121 Model 3, [17] 1,000,000 1,000,000 60 Model 4, [3] 1,150,000 600,000 54 = 0.325 / , = = 2.492 / , = 2.193…”