Simulation and fabrication of a new novel 3D injectable biosensor for high throughput genomics and proteomics in a lab-on-a-chip device

Esfandyarpour, Rahim; Esfandyarpour, Hesaam; Harris, James S.; Davis, Ronald W.

doi:10.1088/0957-4484/24/46/465301

Cited by 45 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…We patterned the nanoneedle bundles by etching the 200 nm top-SiO 2 layer; 100 nm top pþ-silicon layer, and 30 nm middle oxide layer,100nmpþ-silicon layer down to bottom oxide layer. [53][54][55][56][57] We performed wet etch step to etch out the channel below the bundle of nanoneedles. Afterwards, we performed another etch step to expose the bonding pads to allow wire bonding.…”

Section: A Device Fabricationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Label-free electronic probing of nucleic acids and proteins at the nanoscale using the nanoneedle biosensor

Esfandyarpour

Javanmard²,

Koochak

et al. 2013

Biomicrofluidics

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Detection of proteins and nucleic acids is dominantly performed using optical fluorescence based techniques, which are more costly and timely than electrical detection due to the need for expensive and bulky optical equipment and the process of fluorescent tagging. In this paper, we discuss our study of the electrical properties of nucleic acids and proteins at the nanoscale using a nanoelectronic probe we have developed, which we refer to as the Nanoneedle biosensor. The nanoneedle consists of four thin film layers: a conductive layer at the bottom acting as an electrode, an oxide layer on top, and another conductive layer on top of that, with a protective oxide above. The presence of proteins and nucleic acids near the tip results in a decrease in impedance across the sensing electrodes. There are three basic mechanisms behind the electrical response of DNA and protein molecules in solution under an applied alternating electrical field. The first change stems from modulation of the relative permittivity at the interface. The second mechanism is the formation and relaxation of the induced dipole moment. The third mechanism is the tunneling of electrons through the biomolecules. The results presented in this paper can be extended to develop low cost point-of-care diagnostic assays for the clinical setting. V C 2013 AIP Publishing LLC. [http://dx

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Section: A Device Fabricationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Label-free electronic probing of nucleic acids and proteins at the nanoscale using the nanoneedle biosensor

Esfandyarpour

Javanmard²,

Koochak

et al. 2013

Biomicrofluidics

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“…So, it is difficult to estimate which biorecognition element to use for a given target pathogen. 19,32 There are two main biorecognition strategies: detection of viral nucleic acid (NA) sequence [32][33][34] and detection of specific viral biomolecules such as surface proteins/antigens. [35][36][37] Nanotechnology-based biosensors show high specificity and sensitivity after labeling with NA probe, antibody, or other specific molecule with affinity to the target structure.…”

Section: Biorecognition Molecules For Virus Biosensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A number of scientists consider fluorometric assays much more sensitive. 19,34 On the other hand, some recent studies focusing on the detection limit of NAEB reported analysis of NA at femtomolar 93,94 and attomolar levels. 95 The immobilization of the oligonucleotide probes on the surface of the electrode is a key step to fabricate the electrochemical oligonucleotide biosensor.…”

Section: Nucleic Acid Electrochemical Biosensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nanoscale virus biosensors: state of the art

Krejčová¹,

Michálek²,

Rodrigo³

et al. 2015

NDD

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Abstract:Since the beginning of the new millennium, viruses have shown huge epidemiological and pandemic potential: severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in 2002, pandemic swine flu in 2009, and last but not least the West African Ebola outbreak in 2014. The occurrence and spread of the new virus in pandemic dimension poses a threat to the health and lives of 7 billion people worldwide. There is a growing urgency for highly sensitive and selective detection techniques, usable for a wide number of applications, including disease diagnosis, pharmaceutical research, agriculture, as well as preventive measures. Nanobiosensors represent a new promising tool for virus detection. This review gives a brief survey of the issue of viral detection, comprising diagnostics of target structure of viruses such as nucleic acids or proteins. This review covers different detection principles, methods of fabrication, and applications of virus biosensors.

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“…Such miniaturization can be accomplished by scaling down the optical readout instrumentation, but also by using electronic detection, which offers the added benefit of being low in cost (11). To date, several attempts at label-free electronic detection, such as detection based on impedance spectroscopy at the surface of microelectrodes (12), capacitive sensing-based approaches (13)(14)(15), and field affect transistor-based approaches (16), have been made with varying success. The main challenge with these approaches is the requirement for operation in low salt concentrations.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Digital microfluidic assay for protein detection

Mok

Mindrinos

Davis

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

113

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Global studies of the human proteome have revealed a plethora of putative protein biomarkers. However, their application for early disease detection remains at a standstill without suitable methods to realize their utility in the clinical setting. There thus continues to be tremendous interest in developing new technology for sensitive protein detection that is both low in cost and carries a small footprint to be able to be used at the point of care. The current gold standard method for protein biomarker detection is the ELISA, which measures protein abundance using bulky fluorescent scanners that lack portability. Here, we present a digital microfluidic platform for protein biomarker detection that is low in cost compared with standard optical detection methods, without any compromise in sensitivity. This platform furthermore makes use of simple electronics, enabling its translation into a portable handheld device, and has been developed in a manner that can easily be adapted to assay different types of proteomic biomarkers. We demonstrate its utility in quantifying not only protein abundance, but also activity. Interleukin-6 abundance could be assayed from concentrations as low as 50 pM (an order of magnitude lower than that detectable by a comparable laboratory designed ELISA) using less than 5 μL of sample, and Abelson tyrosine kinase activity was detectable in samples containing 100 pM of kinase.biosensor | decoupled architecture | bead-based assay R ecent decades of research have shown that the molecular mechanisms underlying human disease are much more complex than originally appreciated, with one or more rare genetic events often playing key roles in the transformation of a normal cell into a diseased cell. Not surprisingly, the diagnosis and treatment of many human diseases continue to struggle from the use of simplified models that are based on a handful of highly expressed biomarkers. Thanks to recent advances in microarray and next-generation sequencing technologies, a steadily increasing number of complete genomes have been sequenced, and considerable progress has been made using genomic biomarkers to better personalize healthcare. However, the ability to provide complete personalized healthcare demands the ability to monitor genetic biomarkers as well as protein biomarkers, and the development of proteomic technologies suitable for analyzing human samples has lagged considerably behind.To be well suited as a clinical diagnostic, a proteomic technology must be sensitive enough to detect endogenous levels of low abundance proteins, require low sample volumes, have a short assay time, and ideally be portable as to allow informed treatment decisions to be made at the point of care. Microfluidics, with its inherent advantages of low sample and reagent volumes, multiplex and automated capabilities, and precise control over the microenvironment, has emerged as a promising operation platform with which to develop sensitive proteomic technologies. Several groups have used microfluidic sandwich immunoassays ...

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Simulation and fabrication of a new novel 3D injectable biosensor for high throughput genomics and proteomics in a lab-on-a-chip device

Cited by 45 publications

References 28 publications

Label-free electronic probing of nucleic acids and proteins at the nanoscale using the nanoneedle biosensor

Label-free electronic probing of nucleic acids and proteins at the nanoscale using the nanoneedle biosensor

Nanoscale virus biosensors: state of the art

Digital microfluidic assay for protein detection

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