Simulation and analysis of spectral distributions of human skin

Nakai, Hiroyuki; Manabe, Yoshitsugu; Ishikawa, Seiji

doi:10.1109/icpr.1998.711875

Cited by 19 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…. BSSRDF added to the BRDF, according to which the incidence and the reflection point express the same surface reflection, is an eight-dimensional function that describes the transport phenomena of the light between two points due to the scattering of the light at the subsurface [15]. Since the aforementioned BRDF is created on the basis of the assumption that the same light becomes the input and the output at the same point, it becomes the approximate value of BSSRDF.…”

Section: Bssrdfmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subsurface Scattering-Based Object Rendering Techniques for Real-Time Smartphone Games

Lee

Kim

Chin

2014

Mathematical Problems in Engineering

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Subsurface scattering that simulates the path of a light through the material in a scene is one of the advanced rendering techniques in the field of computer graphics society. Since it takes a number of long operations, it cannot be easily implemented in real-time smartphone games. In this paper, we propose a subsurface scattering-based object rendering technique that is optimized for smartphone games. We employ our subsurface scattering method that is utilized for a real-time smartphone game. And an example game is designed to validate how the proposed method can be operated seamlessly in real time. Finally, we show the comparison results between bidirectional reflectance distribution function, bidirectional scattering distribution function, and our proposed subsurface scattering method on a smartphone game.

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Section: Bssrdfmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subsurface Scattering-Based Object Rendering Techniques for Real-Time Smartphone Games

Lee

Kim

Chin

2014

Mathematical Problems in Engineering

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“…In practice, the accuracy of Monte Carlo simulations is bounded by the accuracy of the input parameters and the use of proper representations for the mechanisms of scattering and absorption of photons. To the best of our knowledge, the Monte Carlo models used in biomedicine [14,59,60,70,75,77], colorimetry [89] and pattern recognition [63] provide only reflectance and transmittance readings for skin samples, i.e., BRDF and BTDF quantities for the whole skin are not computed. We remark that these models are mostly aimed at laser applications, and comparisons of modeled reflectance and transmittance values with actual measured values are scarce.…”

Section: Monte Carlo Based Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Introduction to Light Interaction with Human Skin

Baranoski

Krishnaswamy

2004

RITA

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Despite the notable progress in physically-based rendering, there is still a long way to go before one can automatically generate predictable images of organic materials such as human skin. In this tutorial, the main physical and biological aspects involved in the processes of propagation and absorption of light by skin tissues are examined. These processes affect not only skin appearance, but also its health. For this reason, they have also been the object of study in biomedical research. The models of light interaction with human skin developed by the biomedical community are mainly aimed at the simulation of skin spectral properties which are used to determine the concentration and distribution of various substances. In computer graphics, the focus has been on the simulation of light scattering properties that affect skin appearance. Computer models used to simulate these spectral and scattering properties are described in this tutorial, and their strengths and limitations discussed.

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“…The reflectance of the skin surface is affected by the optical characteristics of scattering and absorption among skin tissue layers. Nakai et al modeled the scattering and absorption as a function of depth of each layer and analyzed the spectral reflectance data of skin surfaces [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spectral estimation of human skin color using the Kubelka-Munk theory

Doi

Tominaga

2003

Color Imaging VIII: Processing, Hardcopy, and Applications

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The present paper describes a method for modeling human skin coloring and estimating the surface-spectral reflectance by using the Kubelka-Munk theory. First, human skin is modeled as two layers of turbid materials. Second, we describe the reflectance estimation problem as the Kubelka-Munk equations with unknown six parameters. These parameters are the regular reflectance at skin surface and the five weights for spectral absorption of such different pigments as melanin, carotene, oxy-hemoglobin, deoxy-hemoglobin, and bilirubin. Moreover, the optical coefficients of spectral absorption and scattering for the two skin layers and the thickness values of these layers are used for the solution. Finally, experiments are done for estimating the skin surface-spectral reflectance on some body parts, such as the cheeks of human face, the palm, the backs of hand, the inside of arm, and the outside of arm. It is confirmed that the proposed method is more reliable in all cases.

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Simulation and analysis of spectral distributions of human skin

Cited by 19 publications

References 2 publications

Subsurface Scattering-Based Object Rendering Techniques for Real-Time Smartphone Games

Subsurface Scattering-Based Object Rendering Techniques for Real-Time Smartphone Games

An Introduction to Light Interaction with Human Skin

Spectral estimation of human skin color using the Kubelka-Munk theory

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