Simulating the mobility of meteoric 10 Be in the landscape through a coupled soil-hillslope model (Be2D)

Campforts, Benjamin; Vanacker, Veerle; Vanderborght, Jan; Baken, Stijn; Smolders, Erik; Govers, Gérard

doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2016.01.017

Cited by 34 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Our dataset provides preliminary insights in the dynamic interplay between soil weathering degree and natural versus anthropogenic erosion-driven soil rejuvenation. In combination with information derived from cosmogenic radionuclides (Schoonejans et al, 2017), our dataset enables evaluation and calibration of numerical models (Campforts et al, 2016) potentially allowing spatial and temporal extrapolation of the relation between land use and temporal dynamics of soil evolution along hillslopes. Although the conversion of forest to cropland can directly influence soil weathering processes through changes in e.g.…”

Section: Geomorphology and Land Use Influencing Erosion-driven Soil Rmentioning

confidence: 99%

Land use impacts on soil erosion and rejuvenation in Southern Brazil

Vanacker

Ameijeiras-Mariño

Schoonejans

et al. 2019

CATENA

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Topography is one of the key factors controlling soil erosion and redistribution of pedogenic material along slope. Land cover change can have an accelerating or retarding impact on topographically-controlled soil erosion rates, depending on the type and intensity of land use and management. In this study, we investigated the combined effect of hillslope gradient and land cover change on soil redistribution and rejuvenation in a subtropical region where Atlantic rain forest was converted to agricultural land. We used a two versus two factorial design, and evaluated the effect of hillslope gradient (steep vs. gentle) and land cover (forest vs. cropland) on the spatial pattern of soil weathering degree along slope. In four soil toposequences, soil weathering indices (Total Reserve in Bases, Chemical Index of Alteration, clay content, iron oxide content) and mineralogical assemblages were used to express genetic and morphological differences among soil profiles. Our data showed that the spatial differentiation in chemical weathering degree along slope is strongly dependent on the hillslope gradient: while the gentle slopes show negligible differences in chemical weathering degree along slope, the steep slopes show clear spatial differences. Besides, there is an interaction effect between hillslope gradient and land cover. Forest conversion to cropland enhances erosion-driven soil redistribution with a marked effect on soil rejuvenation along steep slopes but no clear effect along gentle slopes. The comparative study based on four toposequences highlights that accelerated soil erosion after conversion of forests to cropland has further enhanced lateral soil fluxes and redistribution of topsoil material along steep slopes, and led to soil rejuvenation and exposure of less weathered soil material at the eroding sites.

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Section: Geomorphology and Land Use Influencing Erosion-driven Soil Rmentioning

confidence: 99%

Land use impacts on soil erosion and rejuvenation in Southern Brazil

Vanacker

Ameijeiras-Mariño

Schoonejans

et al. 2019

CATENA

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“…The higher the value for K D , the more 10 Be m will be tightly sorbed to the upper soil layers and the higher D s 0 ,B must be to obtain vertical mixing of the same magnitude. Other possible parameter interdependencies are evaluated through a series of synthetic model runs in Campforts et al () and Figure therein.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The latter is done by simulating presettlement dynamics with the parameter values derived in the first stage and constraining postsettlement processes (tillage and rill/inter-rill erosion via overland flow) using a second optimization routine. Details of the Be2D model and parameter selection and optimization are provided in Text S3 and references therein (Campforts et al, 2016;Campforts & Govers, 2015;Govers et al, 2007;van Oost et al, 2003).…”

Section: Be2dmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the LODO and Be2D models, parametrical uncertainty was evaluated through Monte Carlo simulations in which models were run 1,000 times over a range of ±10% of the best-estimated input parameters (Table S4). This range encompassed reasonable values of input parameters as determined from the literature and previous studies (Text S2, Text S3, Campforts et al, 2016). Model structural uncertainty (systemic error due to model structure) was evaluated by intercomparison of results through paired t test s of result sets across the cultivated hillslope.…”

Section: Be2dmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Meteoric Beryllium‐10 as a Tracer of Erosion Due to Postsettlement Land Use in West‐Central Minnesota, USA

et al. 2019

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Meteoric beryllium‐10 (10Bem, t1/2 = 1.4 Myr) is a cosmogenic radionuclide that remains largely underutilized for deriving hillslope‐scale estimates of erosion on uplands under conditions of land use change. We applied two different models for estimating erosion rates from observed 10Bem concentrations (a one‐dimensional model predicting vertical profiles of 10Bem within hillslope soils [loss only, diffusion only, LODO] and a two‐dimensional model predicting the concurrent evolution of hillslope topography and 10Bem distributions via bioturbation, chemical mobility, and surface erosion [Be2D]). Both models were used to derive pre‐European and post‐European settlement erosion rates (Enat and Epost, respectively) across paired cultivated and uncultivated hillslopes in west‐central Minnesota, USA. Epost estimates from 10Bem were compared to Epost estimates derived from 137Cs inventories and the process‐based Water and Tillage Erosion Model (WaTEM). The results from these models suggest that erosion rates from upper positions on the cultivated hillslope have increased from an average of 0.047 mm/year under natural conditions to Epost values of 3.09 mm/year. The Be2D and LODO models, on average, produced Epost estimates that were similar in magnitude to WaTEM and 137Cs conversion models. This numerical convergence does not imply absolute 10Bem model accuracy, particularly when considering the uncertainties inherent in each approach, but it does suggest that the orders of magnitude increase in estimated erosion rates from Enat to Epost is robust. Additionally, the pattern of Epost estimates produced using 10Bem conversion models is supported by the distribution of soil inorganic carbon at the study site. Our results demonstrate that 10Bem can provide reasonable estimates of both predisturbance and postdisturbance erosion rates in landscapes that have undergone extensive human modification.

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“…The downstream reaches of the Paute catchment are a good example of a transient landscape where a major knickzone is propagating upstream in the catchment resulting in steep threshold topography downstream of the knickzone ( Figure S3 and Vanacker et al, 2015). Facing a sudden lowering of their base level, soil production and linear hillslope processes such as soil creep (Campforts et al, 2016;Vanacker et al, 2019) are not any longer able to catch up with rapidly incising rivers ( Fig. 15 in Hurst et al, 2012).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Lithology and orographic precipitation control river incision in the tropical Andes

Campforts

Vanacker

Herman

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Process-based geomorphic transport laws enable to assess the impact of rainfall variability on bedrock river incision over geological timescales. However, isolating the role of rainfall variability on erosion remains difficult in natural environments in part because the variability of rock strength and its resistance to incision are poorly constrained. Here, we explore spatial differences in the rate of bedrock river incision in the tropical Andes. The Ecuadorian Andes are characterized by strong rainfall gradients due to orographic precipitation sourced in the Amazon basin. In addition, the tectonic configuration 20 has generated a profound lithological heterogeneity. The relative role of either these controls in modulating river incision on millennial time scales, however, remains unclear. Using 10 Be catchment-wide erosion rates, meteorological and hydrological data, as well as data on bedrock erodibility, we provide quantitative constraints on the importance of rainfall variability and lithological variations. Explicit incorporation of rock erodibility in river incision models predicated on the stream power equation enables us to identify a first order control of lithology on river incision rates. Rainfall variability based on a spatially 25 and temporally explicit hydrological dataset and a stochastic-threshold river incision model explain regional differences in river incision that cannot be attributed to topographical and/or lithological variability.

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Simulating the mobility of meteoric 10 Be in the landscape through a coupled soil-hillslope model (Be2D)

Cited by 34 publications

References 48 publications

Land use impacts on soil erosion and rejuvenation in Southern Brazil

Land use impacts on soil erosion and rejuvenation in Southern Brazil

Meteoric Beryllium‐10 as a Tracer of Erosion Due to Postsettlement Land Use in West‐Central Minnesota, USA

Lithology and orographic precipitation control river incision in the tropical Andes

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