Simulating complex storm surge dynamics: Three‐dimensionality, vegetation effect, and onshore sediment transport

Lapetina, Andrew; Sheng, Y. Peter

doi:10.1002/2015jc010824

Cited by 24 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…, ). To develop a better understanding of the role of overwash and inundation processes on the vertical accretion of barriers, insight into hydrodynamic processes and sediment transport during these regimes is crucial (Lapetina and Sheng, ), and this knowledge should preferably be developed based on field studies interacting with process‐based models.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of tides and storms on the sediment transport across a Dutch barrier island

Wesselman

Winter

Engelstad

et al. 2017

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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Under natural conditions, barrier islands might grow vertically and migrate onshore under the influence of long‐term sea level rise. Sediment is transported onshore during storm‐induced overwash and inundation. However, on many Dutch Wadden Islands, dune openings are closed off by artificial sand‐drift dikes that prevent the influx of sediment during storms. It has been argued that creating openings in the dune row to allow regular flooding on barrier islands can have a positive effect on the sediment budget, but the dominant hydrodynamic processes and their influence on sediment transport during overwash and inundation are unknown. Here, we present an XBeach model study to investigate how sediment transport during overwash and inundation across the beach of a typical mesotidal Wadden Sea barrier island is influenced by wave, tide and storm surge conditions. Firstly, we validated the model XBeach with field data on waves and currents during island inundation. In general, the XBeach model performed well. Secondly, we studied the long‐term sediment transport across the barrier island. We distinguished six representative inundation classes, ranging from frequently occurring, low‐energy events to infrequent, high‐energy events, and simulated the hydrodynamics and sediment transport during these events. An analysis of the model simulations shows that larger storm events cause larger cross‐shore sediment transport, but the net sediment exchange during a storm levels off or even becomes smaller for the largest inundation classes because it is counteracted by larger mean water levels in the Wadden Sea that oppose or even reverse sediment transport during inundation. When taking into account the frequency of occurrence of storms we conclude that the cumulative effect of relatively mild storms on long‐term cross‐shore sediment transport is much larger than that of the large storm events. © 2017 The Authors. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of tides and storms on the sediment transport across a Dutch barrier island

Wesselman

Winter

Engelstad

et al. 2017

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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“…The 3D model uses 4 vertical sigma layers and a bottom roughness Z 0 = 0.4 cm. As explained in Lapetina and Sheng (2015), these values are typical values for storm surge model simulations.…”

Section: Model Parametersmentioning

confidence: 65%

Simulating Storm Surge and Inundation Along the Taiwan Coast During Typhoons Fanapi in 2010 and Soulik in 2013

Sheng¹,

Paramygin²,

Terng³

et al. 2016

Terr. Atmos. Ocean. Sci.

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Taiwan is subjected to significant storm surges, waves, and coastal inundation during frequent tropical cyclones. Along the west coast, with gentler bathymetric slopes, storm surges often cause significant coastal inundation. Along the east coast with steep bathymetric slopes, waves can contribute significantly to the storm surge in the form of wave setup. To examine the importance of waves in storm surges and quantify the significance of coastal inundation, this paper presents numerical simulations of storm surge and coastal inundation during two major typhoons, Fanapi in 2010 and Soulik in 2013, which impacted the southwest and northeast coasts of Taiwan, respectively. The simulations were conducted with an integrated surge-wave modeling system using a large coastal model domain wrapped around the island of Taiwan, with a grid resolution of 50 -300 m. During Fanapi, the simulated storm surge and coastal inundation near Kaohsiung are not as accurate as those obtained using a smaller coastal domain with finer resolution (40 -150 m). During Soulik, the model simulations show that wave setup contributed significantly (up to 20%) to the peak storm surge along the northeast coast of Taiwan. Three-D model simulations yield more accurate water level results and significant vertical variations in horizontal velocity at stations where wave-surge interaction is more pronounced. The simulated storm surge generally agreed well with the observed data at nearly 40 stations.

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“…For example, Lapetina and Sheng [25] recently used the vegetation-resolving ACMS to simulate the effects of vegetation, three-dimensionality, and onshore sediment transport on complex storm surge dynamics during Hurricane Ike which inflicted major damage to the Texas coast in 2009. Results of the 3D model are found to be more accurate than 2D model results.…”

Section: Ch3d-ssmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards the Development of an Operational Forecast System for the Florida Coast

Paramygin

Sheng

Davis

2017

JMSE

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A nowcasting and forecasting system for storm surge, inundation, waves, and baroclinic flow for the Florida coast has been developed. The system is based on dynamically coupled CH3D and SWAN models and can use a variety of modules to provide different input forcing, boundary and initial conditions. The system is completely automated and operates unattended at pre-scheduled intervals as well as in event-triggered mode in response to Atlantic-basin tropical cyclone advisories issued by the National Hurricane Center. The system provides up to 72-h forecasts forward depending on the input dataset duration. Spatially, the system spans the entire Florida coastline by employing four high-resolution domains with resolutions as fine as 10-30 m in the near-shore and overland to allow the system to resolve fine estuarine details such as in the Intracoastal Waterway and minor tributaries. The system has been validated in both hindcast and nowcast/forecast modes using water level and salinity data from a variety of sources and has been found to run robustly during the test periods. Low level products (e.g., raw output datasets) are disseminated using THREDDS while a custom defined web-based graphical user interface (GUI) was developed for high level access.

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Simulating complex storm surge dynamics: Three‐dimensionality, vegetation effect, and onshore sediment transport

Cited by 24 publications

References 60 publications

The effect of tides and storms on the sediment transport across a Dutch barrier island

The effect of tides and storms on the sediment transport across a Dutch barrier island

Simulating Storm Surge and Inundation Along the Taiwan Coast During Typhoons Fanapi in 2010 and Soulik in 2013

Towards the Development of an Operational Forecast System for the Florida Coast

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