Simulated Summer Rainfall Variability Effects on Loblolly Pine (Pinus taeda) Seedling Physiology and Susceptibility to Root-Infecting Ophiostomatoid Fungi

Chieppa, Jeff; Eckhardt, Lori G.; Chappelka, Arthur H.

doi:10.3390/f8040104

Cited by 4 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 51 publications

(35 reference statements)

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“…The L. terebrantis isolate used in the study was determined to be the most virulent isolate among 41 isolates maintained at the Forest Health Dynamics Laboratory (Devkota, ). Several previous artificial stem and root inoculation studies have used these isolates (Chieppa, Eckhardt, & Chappelka, ; Matusick et al., ; Singh et al., ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intraspecies variation of maturePinus taedain response to root‐infecting ophiostomatoid fungi

2018

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Summary Seedling screening studies have shown intraspecies variation in susceptibility of Pinus taeda (loblolly pine) to Leptographium terebrantis and Grosmannia huntii, the causal agents of root infection in Pinus species. However, it is critical to understand the susceptibility of mature P. taeda trees. Roots of mature P. taeda families determined as susceptible and tolerant to L. terebrantis and G. huntii by previous seedling screening trials were artificially inoculated with the same fungal isolates. Dark necrotic lesion and vascular occlusion were recorded 8 weeks later. Families previously considered as susceptible had relatively longer lesions and occlusions. The variation in susceptibility to the two fungi remained the same as exhibited by families in the seedling trial. These results suggest intraspecies variation in relative susceptibility of P. taeda to L. terebrantis and G. huntii remains similar regardless of the age of the tree.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intraspecies variation of maturePinus taedain response to root‐infecting ophiostomatoid fungi

2018

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“…One month into the three watering treatments (April 2015), artificial stem inoculations were conducted as described by Nevill et al [22], Singh et al [15], and Chieppa et al [21] using wound + inoculum method. Five inoculation treatments applied were as follows: L. terebrantis (LOB-R-00-805/ATCC accession no.…”

Section: Inoculation Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Seven seedlings per family within a box received each inoculation treatment. These fungal isolates have been used in previous artificial inoculation studies [15,16,21]. The fungal isolates were maintained at 4 ∘ C in MEA before use and were placed on 2 % MEA plate, 14 days prior to the inoculation experiment.…”

Section: Inoculation Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, a few studies have focused on the interaction of drought and vascular-inhabiting fungi [20,21]. However, these studies deployed both drought and fungal treatment at the same time, despite the fact that these vascular-inhabiting fungi come into play only after the predisposition of trees to a drought event [20,21]. Thus, a closer examination of the impact of Leptographium terebrantis and Grosmannia huntii on P. taeda trees predisposed to drought is needed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Impact of Drought and Vascular-Inhabiting Pathogen Invasion inPinus taedaHealth

Devkota

Enebak

Eckhardt

2018

International Journal of Forestry Research

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The complex interaction of various biotic and abiotic factors may put the overall stand health ofPinusspp. at risk. A study was designed to determine the combined impact of drought and vascular-inhabiting fungi (Leptographium terebrantisandGrosmannia huntii) inPinus taeda. Seedlings from twoP. taedafamilies were planted and watering treatments, (i) normal watering, (ii) moderate drought, and (iii) severe drought, were applied. One month following the initiation of watering treatments, seedling stems were artificially inoculated withL. terebrantisandG. huntii. Drought and fungal interaction significantly affected lesion length/seedling height, occlusion length/seedling height, and seedling fine root biomass.Leptographium terebrantiswas more pathogenic under moderate and severe drought than normal watering condition, whereas the pathogenicity ofG. huntiiremains unaltered. The susceptibility of the families to vascular-inhabiting fungi remained the same under different watering treatments. Drought and specific vascular-inhabiting fungi may negatively impactP. taedastand health.

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“…The paper on the Eucalyptus rust Austropuccinia psidii [19] provides solid evidence of a phenological type of resistance present in older leaves, while even more complex is the report by Chieppa et al [20] suggesting that genetically inherited susceptibility to a vascular fungus results in great susceptibility to changes in water availability. While interspecific competition driven by pathogens is well known [21], the example by Chieppa et al [20] is a classic example of virtually unstudied intraspecific competition cryptically driven by a pathogen.…”

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confidence: 96%

Variability and Disturbances as Key Factors in Forest Pathology and Plant Health Studies

Garbelotto

Gonthier

2017

Forests

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Abstract:The plant disease triangle (PDT) is as old as the field of modern plant pathology, and it postulates that any plant disease is the outcome of the interaction between a pathogen, a host, and the environment. Recently, the need has emerged to study not only how the three elements of the PDT directly influence disease, but to focus on how they indirectly affect one another, consequently modifying the final outcome. It is also essential to structure such analyses within three major external frameworks provided by landscape level disturbances, climate change, and anthropogenic effects. The studies included in this issue cover a wide range of topics using an equally varied list of approaches, and they showcase the important role these indirect and often non-linear processes have on the development of forest diseases.Keywords: biological invasions; climate; disease triangle; epidemiology; forest; Geographic Information System; modeling; variability A SCOPUS (https://www.scopus.com/) search using the key words "forest pathogen", "invasive", and "variability" reveals a recent reborn interest in the concepts of variability and disturbances as major drivers of infectious forest diseases (Figure 1). Although it is still convenient to partition such variability according to the three main elements of the plant disease triangle (PDT), that is, pathogen, host, and environment [1], our interest is spiked not so much by the study of the individual variables per se, but rather by their dynamic interaction. Advancements in computational and statistical approaches provide a solid framework to focus on those effects that may have been previously discarded or considered marginal because of being too difficult to measure using standard passive analytical approaches [2,3]. These advancements allow us to compute the outcomes of multiple interactions with greater confidence than in the past, and they have provided a considerable push to cross-over across fields. Additionally, this renewed interest in the disease triangle is occurring in a broader framework provided by the awareness of the importance of both anthropogenic and climate change effects [4,5]. It should be noted that the disease triangle may be used to predict epidemiological outcomes not only in plant health, but also in public health, both in local and global communities [6]. The main aim of this special issue was to focus on disturbances and variability as important factors determining the final outcome of forest diseases.

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Simulated Summer Rainfall Variability Effects on Loblolly Pine (Pinus taeda) Seedling Physiology and Susceptibility to Root-Infecting Ophiostomatoid Fungi

Cited by 4 publications

References 51 publications

Intraspecies variation of maturePinus taedain response to root‐infecting ophiostomatoid fungi

Intraspecies variation of maturePinus taedain response to root‐infecting ophiostomatoid fungi

The Impact of Drought and Vascular-Inhabiting Pathogen Invasion inPinus taedaHealth

Variability and Disturbances as Key Factors in Forest Pathology and Plant Health Studies

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