Simulated microgravity affects some biological characteristics of Lactobacillus acidophilus

Shao, Dongyan; Yao, Linbo; riaz, Muhammad shahid; Zhu, Jing; Shi, Junling; Jin, Mingliang; Huang, Qingsheng; Yang, Hui

doi:10.1007/s00253-016-8059-6

Cited by 49 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…For instance, proteins related to the amino acid decarboxylase were detected upregulated in lactic acid bacteria at low pH . Other research also found simulated microgravity could markedly shorten the lag phase of Lactobacillus acidophilus , enhanced its growth rate, acid tolerance ability, and a mannose‐specific adherence mechanism in Lactobacillus plantarum conferring binding to the human colonic cell line HT‐29 . All these findings provided valuable information for understanding the influence of probiotics on human health.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Proteomics Analysis of the Adhesion Activity of Lactobacillus acidophilus ATCC 4356 Upon Growth in an Intestine‐Like pH Environment

Wang

et al. 2018

Proteomics

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Many health effects of Lactobacillus acidophilus are desirable among these the adhesion ability is vital to enhance the possibility of colonization and stabilization associated with the gut mucosal barrier. In this study, the growth characteristics and the adhesion activity of L. acidophilus in the intestine-like pH environment (pH 7.5) are identified. The number of bacteria adhering to the HT-29 cells is found with a gradual increase trend (pH 5.5-7.5). This also leads to the morphological changes of L. acidophilus after exposure to different pH environments. Furthermore, with the help of the isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) proteomic analysis, 207 proteins are detected differentially expressed at pH of 7.5. The use of GO analysis and KEGG analysis indicates three essential pathways related to the cell envelope peptide-glycan biosynthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, and amino acid metabolism are obviously changed. Adhesion related surface protein fmtB and PrtP are upregulated in pH 7.5 group. While the moonlight proteins like pyruvate kinase, which binds specifically to the mucin layer and inhibits the adhesive activity of L. acidophilus, is found downregulated. These results could be useful to understand the adhesion mechanism of L. acidophilus adapting for the gut mucosal barrier in the intestinal environment.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Proteomics Analysis of the Adhesion Activity of Lactobacillus acidophilus ATCC 4356 Upon Growth in an Intestine‐Like pH Environment

Wang

et al. 2018

Proteomics

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“…Some of these studies detected compositional changes in culturable bacteria collected from the GIT of astronauts spending up to 2 months in space ( 91 , 92 ). The identified changes included a post-flight reduction of lactobacilli, some of which are beneficial to human health ( 93 , 94 ) and increased levels of enterobacteria and clostridia. Another study identified a significant pre-flight reduction in bifidobacteria that was attributed to the stressful conditions, cosmonauts are exposed to during their preparation for the incoming flight ( 95 ).…”

Section: Microbiome and Probioticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immune System Dysregulation During Spaceflight: Potential Countermeasures for Deep Space Exploration Missions

et al. 2018

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Recent studies have established that dysregulation of the human immune system and the reactivation of latent herpesviruses persists for the duration of a 6-month orbital spaceflight. It appears certain aspects of adaptive immunity are dysregulated during flight, yet some aspects of innate immunity are heightened. Interaction between adaptive and innate immunity also seems to be altered. Some crews experience persistent hypersensitivity reactions during flight. This phenomenon may, in synergy with extended duration and galactic radiation exposure, increase specific crew clinical risks during deep space exploration missions. The clinical challenge is based upon both the frequency of these phenomena in multiple crewmembers during low earth orbit missions and the inability to predict which specific individual crewmembers will experience these changes. Thus, a general countermeasure approach that offers the broadest possible coverage is needed. The vehicles, architecture, and mission profiles to enable such voyages are now under development. These include deployment and use of a cis-Lunar station (mid 2020s) with possible Moon surface operations, to be followed by multiple Mars flyby missions, and eventual human Mars surface exploration. Current ISS studies will continue to characterize physiological dysregulation associated with prolonged orbital spaceflight. However, sufficient information exists to begin consideration of both the need for, and nature of, specific immune countermeasures to ensure astronaut health. This article will review relevant in-place operational countermeasures onboard ISS and discuss a myriad of potential immune countermeasures for exploration missions. Discussion points include nutritional supplementation and functional foods, exercise and immunity, pharmacological options, the relationship between bone and immune countermeasures, and vaccination to mitigate herpes (and possibly other) virus risks. As the immune system has sentinel connectivity within every other physiological system, translational effects must be considered for all potential immune countermeasures. Finally, we shall discuss immune countermeasures in the context of their individualized implementation or precision medicine, based on crewmember specific immunological biases.

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“…In short-and long-term space travel or space simulators, crew members are exposed to harsh space environments and experience changes in dietary models that can potentially affect the composition and function of their gut microbiomes, which may have a negative effect on their health. Previous studies performed on simulated or real outer-space conditions have suggested that space travel may cause both compositional (2,32,33) and functional (34)(35)(36)(37) changes in the gut microbiome. However, it is not clear what happens to the human gut microbiome when humans are in a simulated outer-space environment with specialized diets and closed sources of vital necessities such as water and oxygen.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between the Gut Microbiome and Energy/Nutrient Intake in a Confined Bioregenerative Life Support System

Chen

Wang

Hao

et al. 2020

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Recent studies have suggested that the gut microbiome is modified in space analogs and that human health can be affected during actual spaceflight. However, the relationship between the gut microbiome and dietary intake in simulator subjects and astronauts remains unclear. Bioregenerative life support systems (BLSSs) are confined and self-sufficient ecosystems that enable exploration of this issue. Here, we correlate changes in gut microbes to the nutrient types present in controlled diets within subjects cohabitating in a BLSS. A metagenome-wide association study (MWAS) was performed on 55 shotgun-sequenced fecal samples longitudinally obtained from healthy Chinese subjects (n = 4 in total, n = 2 per sex) subjected to a 60-day BLSS stay and a specialized diet. Each food item was categorized based on nutrient type according to the Chinese Food Ingredients List (https://wenku.baidu.com/view/3f2b628488eb172ded630b1c59eef8c75fbf9514.html?from=search). The physical parameters of each subject fluctuated within normal medical ranges. Sex- and individual-specific differences and a trend of individual convergence of the gut microbiome in the BLSS were observed. Depletion of bacterial taxa such as Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Bifidobacterium longum, and Escherichia coli and functional modules such as short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production, as well as an increase in an unidentified Lachnospiraceae and glutamate/tryptophan synthesis, were observed in the BLSS. Correlation analysis showed that these compositional and functional changes were associated with energy/nutrient intake during the BLSS stay. Our findings suggest that the gut microbiota is a useful indicator for monitoring health and that individual nutritive diets should be considered according to sex and individual differences in simulations or in spaceflight. IMPORTANCE The gut microbiome shows individual specificity and is affected by sex, environment, and diet; gut microbiome imbalance is related to cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and autoimmune diseases. Astronauts are faced with a challenging environment and limited diet in outer space. Recent studies indicate that the gut microbiome is altered in space simulators and space, but what happens to intestinal microorganisms when astronauts cohabitate in a self-sufficient ecosystem in which they plant and cook food is unclear. Bioregenerative life support systems (BLSSs) are ideal devices to investigate the above issues because they are closed and self-sufficient. Four healthy Chinese subjects cohabitated in a confined BLSS for 60 days, during which their physical parameters and energy/nutrient intake were recorded. We performed a metagenome-wide association study (MWAS) on 55 shotgun-sequenced fecal samples longitudinally obtained from the subjects. Alterations occurred in the gut microbial composition and function, and their relationships with energy/nutrient intake were explored.

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Simulated microgravity affects some biological characteristics of Lactobacillus acidophilus

Cited by 49 publications

References 34 publications

Proteomics Analysis of the Adhesion Activity of Lactobacillus acidophilus ATCC 4356 Upon Growth in an Intestine‐Like pH Environment

Proteomics Analysis of the Adhesion Activity of Lactobacillus acidophilus ATCC 4356 Upon Growth in an Intestine‐Like pH Environment

Immune System Dysregulation During Spaceflight: Potential Countermeasures for Deep Space Exploration Missions

Relationship between the Gut Microbiome and Energy/Nutrient Intake in a Confined Bioregenerative Life Support System

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