Simulated microgravity activates apoptosis and NF-κB in mice testis

Sharma, Chidananda S.; Sarkar, Shubhashish; Periyakaruppan, Adaikkappan; Ravichandran, Prabakaran; Sadanandan, Bindu; Ramesh, Vani; Thomas, Renard; Hall, Joseph; Wilson, Bobby L.; Ramesh, Govindarajan T.

doi:10.1007/s11010-008-9743-3

Cited by 24 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Stress lead to multiple signals with varied responses in different organs and subjects (Stein 2002). Mice subjected to HLS, induce oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, activate NFκB damaging many regions of brain (Wise et al 2005), and also induce apoptosis in testis (Sharma et al 2008). In the present study the liver weight of HLS mice significantly decreased compared to control.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 42%

Effect of Simulated Microgravity on the Activity of Regulatory Enzymes of Glycolysis and Gluconeogenesis in Mice Liver

Ramirez

Periyakaruppan

Sarkar

et al. 2014

Microgravity Sci. Technol.

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Gravity supports all the life activities present on earth. Microgravity environments have effect on the biological functions and physiological status of an individual. The present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of simulated microgravity on important regulatory enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism in liver using HLS mice model. Following hind limb unloading of mice for 11 days the animal's average body weights were found to be not different, while the liver weights were decreased and found to be significantly different (p < 0.005) from control mice. Further, in liver the specific activity of hexokinase enzyme was reduced (p < 0.02) and the phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase activity was significantly increased in simulated microgravity subjected mice compared to control (p < 0.003). Immunoblot analysis show decreased phosphofructokinase-2 activity in HLS mice compared to control. Liver lactate dehydrogenase activity significantly reduced in simulated microgravity subjected mice (p < 0.005). Thus in our study the rodents have adapted to simulated microgravity

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 42%

Effect of Simulated Microgravity on the Activity of Regulatory Enzymes of Glycolysis and Gluconeogenesis in Mice Liver

Ramirez

Periyakaruppan

Sarkar

et al. 2014

Microgravity Sci. Technol.

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“…There was a significant increase in the number of cells within the superficial epithelium that exhibited signs of apoptosis in simulated microgravity treatments compared to gravity controls. Previous studies have shown that simulated microgravity can cause an increase in cellular apoptosis in a wide range of cell types, including osteoblasts, reproductive, and endothelial cells4849. A common mechanism associated with the increase in simulated microgravity-induced apoptosis in these cell types was the activation and upregulation of the NF-κB pathway4849.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of simulated microgravity on the normal developmental time line of an animal-bacteria symbiosis

Foster

Khodadad

Ahrendt

et al. 2013

Sci Rep

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The microgravity environment during space flight imposes numerous adverse effects on animal and microbial physiology. It is unclear, however, how microgravity impacts those cellular interactions between mutualistic microbes and their hosts. Here, we used the symbiosis between the host squid Euprymna scolopes and its luminescent bacterium Vibrio fischeri as a model system. We examined the impact of simulated microgravity on the timeline of bacteria-induced development in the host light organ, the site of the symbiosis. To simulate the microgravity environment, host squid and symbiosis-competent bacteria were incubated together in high-aspect ratio rotating wall vessel bioreactors and examined throughout the early stages of the bacteria-induced morphogenesis. The host innate immune response was suppressed under simulated microgravity; however, there was an acceleration of bacteria-induced apoptosis and regression in the host tissues. These results suggest that the space flight environment may alter the cellular interactions between animal hosts and their natural healthy microbiome.

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“…In our experiment, we cannot rule out the possibility of participation of other UBQTN family members in the degradation of IB and activation c-REL/NF-B in rotated cells. Sharma et al (43) showed that exposure of mice to simulated microgravity using hind limb suspension resulted in increased activation of NF-B in testis.…”

Section: Genesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Simulated Microgravity on Expression Profile of MicroRNA in Human Lymphoblastoid Cells

Mangala

Zhang

et al. 2011

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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This study explores the changes in expression of microRNA (miRNA) and related genes under simulated microgravity conditions. In comparison with static 1 ؋ g, microgravity has been shown to alter global gene expression patterns and protein levels in cultured cells or animals. miRNA has recently emerged as an important regulator of gene expression, possibly regulating as many as one-third of all human genes. However, very little is known about the effect of altered gravity on miRNA expression. To test the hypothesis that the miRNA expression profile would be altered in zero gravity resulting in altered regulation of gene expression leading to metabolic or functional changes in cells, we cultured TK6 human lymphoblastoid cells in a high aspect ratio vessel (bioreactor) for 72 h either in the rotating condition to model microgravity in space or in the static condition as a control. Expression of several miRNAs was changed significantly in the simulated microgravity condition including miR-150, miR-34a, miR-423-5p, miR-22, miR-141, miR-618, and miR-222. To confirm whether this altered miRNA expression correlates with gene expression and functional changes of the cells, we performed DNA microarray and validated the related genes using quantitative RT-PCR. Expression of several transcription factors including EGR2, ETS1, and c-REL was altered in simulated microgravity conditions. Taken together, the results reported here indicate that simulated microgravity alters the expression of miRNAs and genes in TK6 cells. To our knowledge, this study is the first to report the effects of simulated microgravity on the expression of miRNA and related genes.

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Simulated microgravity activates apoptosis and NF-κB in mice testis

Cited by 24 publications

References 44 publications

Effect of Simulated Microgravity on the Activity of Regulatory Enzymes of Glycolysis and Gluconeogenesis in Mice Liver

Effect of Simulated Microgravity on the Activity of Regulatory Enzymes of Glycolysis and Gluconeogenesis in Mice Liver

Impact of simulated microgravity on the normal developmental time line of an animal-bacteria symbiosis

Effects of Simulated Microgravity on Expression Profile of MicroRNA in Human Lymphoblastoid Cells

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