Simulated climate change and seasonal drought increase carbon and phosphorus demand in Mediterranean forest soils

Altered activities of extracellular soil enzymes by the interacting global environmental changes

“…Microbial communities are very sensitive to drought increases (Bouskill et al, 2016;Ochoa-Hueso et al, 2018), which can alter their structure and function (Alster et al, 2013;Asensio et al, 2021).…”

“…Seasonality can alter enzyme production following an annual cycle through factors such as temperature, soil humidity, and nutrient availability, and this is especially true in climates in which it is very marked such as the Mediterranean climate (Asensio et al, 2021; Zuccarini et al, 2020). The seasonal changes in soil enzyme production can be due to fluctuations in soil microbial abundance: Baldrian et al (2010) observed that seasonal reductions of >50% in the production and activity of several enzymes such as β‐glucosidase, β‐xylosidase, and acid phosphatase, were correlated with significant decreases in soil microbial communities, and both phenomena were associated with the level of soil moisture.…”

“…Microbial communities are very sensitive to drought increases (Bouskill et al, 2016; Ochoa‐Hueso et al, 2018), which can alter their structure and function (Alster et al, 2013; Asensio et al, 2021). The most common effect is the reduction of the microbial function, with subsequent reduction of C, N, P and nutrient cycling (Santonja et al, 2017; van der Molen et al, 2011).…”

“…Finally, the nutrient status of soil is crucial to soil enzymatic activities and to how they respond to drivers of global change, so that interactions have to be expected. For example, initial conditions of P‐limitation can strongly influence the shifts of enzymatic activities caused by warming (Zuccarini et al, 2020) or drought (Asensio et al, 2021), with a tendency of the microbial community to invest more in the production of phosphatases than in non‐P‐limited soils, resulting in a shift of enzymatic stoichiometry. In a similar way, experimental nutrient enrichment can be treated as a factor whose effects can be studied in combination with other environmental drivers.…”

Contrasting patterns in growth attributes, root traits plasticity, and defence mechanism of maize under deficit moisture and phosphorus supply

“…During their life spam, plants generally encounter a wide range of abiotic stresses such as drought, salinity, temperature extremes, and nutrient de ciencies. Generally, the occurrence of single stress factor in the natural condition generally leads to other stresses in plants, e.g., water de ciency not only induces osmotic stress but also causes P-starvation (Zhang et al 2020, Asensio et al 2021, Chen et al 2022). It has been estimated that more than 60% of the global population will inhabit areas with water de ciencies by 2025 (FAO 2018).…”