Simplified fabrication of PZT/polymer composites

Shrout, Thomas R.; Schulze, Walter A.; Biggers, J. V.

doi:10.1016/0025-5408(72)90225-5

Cited by 104 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Several methods such as hot-pressing, compression molding, solvent casting, and tape casting (to fabricate in the form of thin sheets) besides the process associated with pellet shaped specimens were reported in the literature to fabricate several forms of polymer-based composites [17,18,[34][35][36][37][38][39][40]. Among them 0-3 composites are found to be easy to process and could be produced in large scale which consist of polymers and randomly distributed ceramic particles [5,37].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of nano- and micron-sized K0.5Na0.5NbO3 fillers on the dielectric and piezoelectric properties of PVDF composites

2016

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Polymer nanocrystal composites were fabricated by embedding polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) with K 0.5 Na 0.5 NbO 3 (KNN) nanocrystallites of different volume fraction using the hot-pressing technique. For comparison, PVDF-KNN microcrystal composites of the same compositions were also fabricated which facilitated the studies of the crystallite size (wide range) effect on the dielectric and piezoelectric properties. The structural, morphological, dielectric, and piezoelectric properties of these nano and micro crystal composites were investigated. The incorporation of KNN fillers in PVDF at both nanometer and micron scales above 10 vol% resulted in the formation of polar β-form of PVDF. The room temperature dielectric constant as high as 3273 at 100 Hz was obtained for the PVDF comprising 40 vol% KNN nanocrystallites due to dipole-dipole interactions (as the presence of β-PVDF is prominent), whereas it was only 236 for the PVDF containing the same amount (40 vol%) of micron-sized crystallites of KNN at the same frequency. Various theoretical models were employed to predict the dielectric constants of the PVDF-KNN nano and micro crystal composites. The PVDF comprising 70 vol% micron-sized crystallites of KNN exhibited a d 33 value of 35 pC/N, while the nanocrystal composites of PVDF-KNN did not exhibit any piezoelectric response perhaps due to the unrelieved internal stress within each grain, besides the fact that they have less domain walls.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of nano- and micron-sized K0.5Na0.5NbO3 fillers on the dielectric and piezoelectric properties of PVDF composites

2016

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“…Parallel and series mixing rules for compliance, permittivity, and piezoelectric constant have been invoked to explain the behavior of 3-3 composites via an isostrain, unit cell model. 5,7,8 The isostrain condition assumes that equivalent deflections occur in both the PZT and polymer phases connected in parallel. In the unit-cell based approach, 9,44 -46 the PZT phase is represented by a unit cell of three orthogonal bars joined at a common intersection.…”

Section: Modeling Of 3-x Pzt-polymer Compositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3-X type PZT-polymer composites were originally formed by creating skeletal ceramic structures using a replamine process 7 and later by volatilizing fugitive species from a powder compact, 8,9 partial sintering, 12 and infiltrating polymer foam as templates. 13 Such techniques resulted in poorly controlled composite architectures with tortuous, interpentrating PZT, and polymer networks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Piezoelectric properties of 3-Xperiodic Pb(ZrxTi1−x)O3–polymer composites

Smay

Cesarano

Tuttle

et al. 2002

Journal of Applied Physics

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The piezoelectric properties of lead zirconate titanate (PZT)–polymer composites were studied as a function of composition and phase connectivity. PZT skeletal structures were fabricated by robotic deposition, densified at 1275 °C, and subsequently infiltrated with epoxy to produce the desired PZT–polymer composites. These 3-X structures consisted of a three-dimensional lattice of PZT rods (3–3) embedded in a polymer matrix, a PZT lattice/polymer matrix capped with PZT face plates (3–2), or PZT lattice/polymer matrix capped with PZT face plates and encircled by a solid PZT ring (3–1). The PZT:polymer ratio was varied systematically by changing the lattice (rod) spacing in each composite architecture. The concentration of PZT pillars, which formed along the poling direction at the intersections between PZT rods, varied as the PZT volume fraction squared. These 3-X composites displayed enhanced hydrostatic figures of merit relative to monolithic PZT due to stress concentration in the PZT pillars and their dramatically reduced dielectric constant, with the highest values found for the 3–2 and 3–1 composites. Our experimental observations were compared to theoretical predictions based on an isostrain, unit cell model modified to account for the partial support of stress in the stiff epoxy phase.

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“…However, due to high hydrostatic figure of merit and low acoustic impedance, porous piezoelectric materials have been of great interest and technological importance in ultrasonic applications such as hydrophones, actuators, miniature accelerometer and underwater transducers (Shrout et al, 1979;Arai et al, 1991). Use of the piezoelectric effect in porous piezoelectric ceramics offers an original method for studying the coupling between the electrical, mechanical, permeability and of course piezoelectric properties of porous systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%