Simplified Calculation of Tsol Based on Dynamic Numerical Simulation of Tsky in Diverse Climates in China

Abstract

An accurate calculation of sol-air temperature (Tsol) is very important for urban environments and building energy consumption. There are various methods that can be used to calculate Tsol by considering sky radiation effects. Climate conditions are vital factors affecting sky temperature (Tsky). In this paper, in order to select an appropriate calculation method to determine long-wave radiation, a theoretical analysis was carried out based on the effect of Tsky on the thermal gain of building envelopes due to long-wave radiation. Typical annual meteorological data were selected to calculate Tsol for 10 meteorological stations covering five building thermal zones in China. The application of the Tsol model was studied using MBE as the measurement standard, and a linear regression equation for the calorific value of the envelope obtained via the Tsky estimation method and the Tsky dynamic calculation method was established. The results show that relative humidity is the key meteorological factor that affects the application of the Tsol model and that the Tsky dynamic calculation should be used to calculate long-wave radiation in regions with low relative humidity. A thermal correction equation for buildings was obtained for use in areas lacking meteorological data and to provide a basis for sustainable building design.