Simplification of micromixing calculations. I. Derivation and application of new model

Bałdyga, J.; Bourne, J.R.

doi:10.1016/0300-9467(89)85002-6

Cited by 205 publications

(105 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Experiments were carried out in the range of Reynolds numbers 0.4 \ Re \ 300 by varying the fluid viscosity and the flow rate. Bourne and Maire 25 determined the mixing intensity of three static mixers, differing mainly in the width of their channels, by applying the engulfment model 26,27 to the measured product distribution of fast consecutive competitive azo coupling between 1-naphthol and diazotized sulfanilic acid. Bourne et al 23 and Baldyga et al 28 further extended the previous study and applied azo couplings between 1-naphthol and 2-naphthol with diazotized sulfanilic acid to the SMX …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

NETmix®, a new type of static mixer: Experimental characterization and model validation

et al. 2011

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in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com).In a previous article (Laranjeira et al.), a network model was developed to describe and predict the behavior and performance of NETmix V R , a new type of static mixer consisting of a network of interconnected chambers and channels. This work reports experimental results on a transparent prototype NETmix V R unit constructed to enable the characterization of the mixing mechanisms at the local scale. Tracer flow visualization experiments show that the mixing characteristics in the NETmix V R unit depend on the Reynolds number both for macromixing and micromixing. A critical Reynolds number for the onset of mixing was obtained where oscillating flow in the chambers is observed. Chemical reaction experiments were done using test reactions systems that exhibit mixing effects in the final product distribution and selectivity. Reaction selectivity was shown to depend on the reactants injection scheme. Theoretical predictions obtained with the network model were in agreement with experimental data for high Reynolds numbers.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

NETmix®, a new type of static mixer: Experimental characterization and model validation

et al. 2011

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“…The Engulfment model by Baldyga and Bourne (1989) was used to recalculate local energy dissipation rates from experimentally determined X 1 and X / values at di!erent stirrer speeds, it was found that for N'500 rpm the relative energy dissipation rate, i.e. the ratio between the calculated and the average energy dissipation rate ( "CNd /< * ) remains essentially constant, indicating that the reaction is localized in a zone of more or less homogeneous energy dissipation.…”

Section: Single-phase Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From experimentally determined product distributions (X 1 values), using the E-model by Baldyga and Bourne (1989), the local energy dissipation rates in the reaction zone can be derived. Since the relative energy dissipation in an agitated vessel may vary strongly with position, it is important to ensure that the reaction is completed in a zone of more or less homogeneous energy dissipation rate.…”

Section: Single-phase-systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The single-phase experiments with the diazo-coupling test reaction presented in this work are conducted in the regime where the Engulfment model, E-model (Baldyga and Bourne, 1989) can be used to describe the micromixing process. Due to incorporation of #uid from the environment the feed lumps grow at the expense of the environment and the concentration in the reaction zone changes due to chemical reaction and mixing with bulk #uid-phase elements of equal volume:…”

Section: Single-phase-systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental study of the effect of bubbles, drops and particles on the product distribution for a mixing sensitive, parallel-consecutive reaction system

Brilman

Antink

Swaaij

et al. 1999

Chemical Engineering Science

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For stirred multiphase reactors the e!ect of a dispersed (gas, liquid or solid) phase on the product distribution for a mixing sensitive reaction was tested. Turbulence modi"cation due to the presence of dispersed-phase particles has been reported frequently in literature, but the extent of the e!ect in a stirred multiphase reactor was not clear. In this work the well-known mixing sensitive diazocoupling reaction system was selected to investigate the in#uence of the changes in the turbulent kinetic energy spectrum on the product distribution. This reaction system was found to be suitable to study the in#uence of a dispersed (gas, liquid or solid) phase. The Engulfment model could describe the single-phase experiments and describes reasonably well the multiphase experiments when the e!ective dispersion properties are implemented. For the liquid}liquid dispersions e!ects of de-localization of the reaction zone were encountered, due to Naphthol extraction by the dispersed phase. The Engulfment model was extended to incorporate mass transfer and the "rst experimental and simulation results are promising. Additional, experimental and theoretical, research studying the combined e!ects of the mass transfer rate and the mixing rate for the liquid}liquid dispersions is highly desired.

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“…A similar estimate of the effect of viscosity on local mixing rate can be obtained from the "engulfment" model of Baldyga and Bourne (1989). Their time constant, τ E , for the final step of mixing, engulfment of unmixed fluid, τ E = 17(µ/ρε) 1/2 , shows that the mixing time constant increases in proportion to the square root of viscosity if turbulence energy dissipation rate and density are constant and engulfment rate (Batchelor scale mixing) is controlling.…”

Section: Summary Of Key Time Constantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mixing and Chemical Reactions

Patterson

Paul

Kresta

et al. 2003

Handbook of Industrial Mixing

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Simplification of micromixing calculations. I. Derivation and application of new model

Cited by 205 publications

References 13 publications

NETmix®, a new type of static mixer: Experimental characterization and model validation

NETmix®, a new type of static mixer: Experimental characterization and model validation

Experimental study of the effect of bubbles, drops and particles on the product distribution for a mixing sensitive, parallel-consecutive reaction system

Mixing and Chemical Reactions

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