Simple verbal analogical reasoning and its predictors in old age

Various sources of distraction during analogical reasoning

“…Finally, it should be emphasized that the present conclusions apply only to young healthy adults, who generally cope with Four-term Analogies relatively well (10% error rate). Existing evidence suggests that error rates would be much higher in children and in older adult samples (e.g., Byczewska-Konieczny et al, 2019 ; Richland et al, 2006 ; Thibaut & French, 2016 ), and it is likely that the response patterns would then change (e.g., children would infrequently select relational distractors, but more often consider perceptual distractors). In clinical groups, in which participants’ certain mental faculties are distorted, the distortion may be reflected in their specific error patterns (e.g., a large rate of semantic distractors reflecting distorted semantic processing in schizophrenia patients; Kucwaj & Chuderski, 2020 ).…”

“…Existing evidence suggests that error rates would be much higher in children and in older adult samples (e.g., Byczewska-Konieczny et al, 2019;Richland et al, 2006; Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material.…”