Simple Rapid Osmotic Fragility Test Proposed as a Routine in Blood Banks

Danon, D.; Frei, Yael F.; Rimon, Abraham; Ben-David, A.

doi:10.1111/j.1537-2995.1964.tb02884.x

Cited by 21 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 12 publications

(6 reference statements)

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“…As demonstrated, the osmotic fragility did not present any significant alteration during the four weeks of storage. Based on the studies, which correlate curves of normal fragility to an adequate preservation and good viability of stored blood 13 , the present results reinforce the evidence that WR6026 does not interfere with the viability of the erythrocytes.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Aminoquinolone WR6026 as a feasible substitute for gentian violet in Chagas' disease prophylaxis in preserved blood for transfusional purposes

Moraes‐Souza

Pianetti

Barretto

et al. 2002

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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The search for a colorless, nontoxic and efficient drug to prevent transfusion-associated Chagas' disease (TACD) has been underway unsuccessfully since 1953 when gentian violet was preconized and to date is still being used as the only in vitro trypanocidal agent. The recent findings of aminoquinolone "WR6026" as a trypanocidal agent, led the authors to study the metabolism of red cells stored with this compound, the main objective of which was to define its applicability in TACD control. Ten units of human whole blood collected in CPDA-1 were divided into two equal satellite bags. One had "WR6026" (final concentration 62.5µg/mL) added and the other was used as a control, both were stored at 4ºC. At baseline, day 7, 14, 21 and 28, samples were taken for the following measurements: adenosine triphosphate (ATP), hemoglobin, electrolytes (sodium and potassium), gases (pO2 and pCO2) and osmotic fragility. The results of tests and control were analyzed through parametric t-student test. The results were similar in both groups throughout the experiment except for the level of ATP on day 14, which presented significantly higher values in the tests when compared with the controls (p = 0.012). It was concluded that WR6026 does not interfere in the preservation and probably the viability of the erythrocytes also until day 28 of storage. Consequently the authors suggest that WR6026 could emerge as a colorless substitute for gentian violet in the control of TACD in endemic areas.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Aminoquinolone WR6026 as a feasible substitute for gentian violet in Chagas' disease prophylaxis in preserved blood for transfusional purposes

Moraes‐Souza

Pianetti

Barretto

et al. 2002

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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“…The usefulness of the instrument has been demonstrated in clinical diagnosis (Danon, Shiffman and Efrati, 1965) and in blood transfusion centres (Danon, Frei, Rimon and Ben David, 1964;Valeri, Mercado-Lugo and Danon, 1965). By measurement of osmotic fragility it is possible to assess deterioration of blood during storage.…”

Section: David Darzonmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Fragiligraph and its Application

Danon

1967

Br J Haematol

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“…As shown by Danon and co-workers (1,2 ) , the automatically recorded osmotic fragility curve of blood or of its derivative ("fragiligrams") are quite different in normal fresh blood than in blood which has been stored for several weeks. David, Lustig and Nahas (3) also showed that the fragiligrams of blood sampled from patients with thalassemia major or with spherocytosis have a very abnormal shape.…”

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The Definition of Erythrocyte Osmotic Fragility in Normal and Abnormal Blood

Nahas¹,

Hsu²,

Ostrowski³

et al. 1974

Experimental Biology and Medicine

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The measurement of osmotic fragility of erythrocytes can be an easy and rapid routine laboratory test. As shown by Danon and co-workers (1, 2 ) , the automatically recorded osmotic fragility curve of blood or of its derivative ("fragiligrams") are quite different in normal fresh blood than in blood which has been stored for several weeks. David, Lustig and Nahas (3) also showed that the fragiligrams of blood sampled from patients with thalassemia major or with spherocytosis have a very abnormal shape.These authors expressed their measurements by correlating the start and the completion of hemolysis to % dilution of an isotonic salt solution with distilled water: in normal blood, Danon reported that hemolysis starts at about 0.55-0.42c/o XaC1 (165 to 126 mOsm) and is completle at 0.34-0.3070 NaCl (102 to 90 mOsm). However, it was also observed that blood from patients with blood dyscrasias presents similar values for the start and the end of hemolysis (3). All of these measurements performed in normal and abnormal cell populations present a considerable standard deviation and were not significantly different. The interpretation of a "fragiligram," in order to be meaningful, requires, therefore, a more precise definition.In the present studies, two types of "fragiligrams" were recorded: one which relates light scattering of the erythrocytes to osmolarity, the second which is a derivative of the first. These curves permitted the calculation of an "osmotic fragility index" of blood which defines numerically normal and abnormal cell populations.Method. The present instrument, which will be described in detail in a separate publication, consists of light emitting diodes which transilluminate a sample of blood contained in a 15 ml test tube. Only carefully matched test tubes are used. The blood is diluted . -150 125 mOsm 3bO 200 -FIG. 1. Fragiligrams ,of normal blood. The upper curve relates light scattering of the erythrocytes (hemolysis) to osmolarity of Ithe suspension medium. The lower curve is a derivative of the ,upper one, and is a display o f the erythrocytes undengoing hemolysis as osmolarity of the solution is decreased.Using these two curves, iit is possible to d&e the 'change in osmolarity ( A mOsm) during which hemolysis proceeds at the hjighest rate in 50% of the cell population (from 25 to 75%). The curvilinear excursion of the recorded pen accounts for the curvdinear shape of the lower curve. "Start" and "end" correspond to the start and end of hemlolysis. 192

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Simple Rapid Osmotic Fragility Test Proposed as a Routine in Blood Banks

Cited by 21 publications

References 12 publications

Aminoquinolone WR6026 as a feasible substitute for gentian violet in Chagas' disease prophylaxis in preserved blood for transfusional purposes

Aminoquinolone WR6026 as a feasible substitute for gentian violet in Chagas' disease prophylaxis in preserved blood for transfusional purposes

The Fragiligraph and its Application

The Definition of Erythrocyte Osmotic Fragility in Normal and Abnormal Blood

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