In spinal xation devices, the activity of the patient can cause fretting of the metal-to-metal contacts between the rod and plug, which may result in failures. In this study, compressive fatigue tests were conducted with rods made of Ti-29Nb-13Ta-4.6Zr alloy (TNTZ) with oxygen contents of 0.06 mass% (06O) and 0.89 mass% (89O) and Ti-6Al-4V extra low interstitial alloy (Ti64) as comparison in both air and saline solution. The fatigue strength increases in the order of 06O < 89O < Ti64 in both air and saline solution. These results indicate that solid-solution strengthening by oxygen improves the fretting fatigue resistance of the TNTZ rod.