Simple Methods for Production of Nanoscale Metal Oxide Films from Household Sources

Campbell, Dean J.; Baliss, Michelle; Hinman, Jordan J.; Ziegenhorn, John W.; Andrews, Mark; Stevenson, Keith J.

doi:10.1021/ed300245e

Cited by 6 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 8 publications

(9 reference statements)

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“…To some observers, the ring patterns expanding from a single spot of light resemble so-called interdimensional portals that show up in various science fiction media. These demonstrations can be connected to other demonstrations involving light absorption and light interference − and can be associated with a variety of chemically related disciplines, including polymer chemistry, environmental chemistry, nanoscale chemistry, and biochemistry. For example, PS films are well-known to distort (typically by shrinking) as they are heated above their glass transition temperature, and this polymer shrinking demonstration could be used to illustrate that the PS could be changing when it is heated in the interference ring demonstration.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, the relationships between the colors of light absorbed by, transmitted through, reflected from, and emitted from objects are relevant in describing the optical properties of molecular, nanoscale, and macroscopic structures. These optical properties have been described in a multitude of papers published in this Journal . − In the demonstrations described herein, laser light is shined into a pigmented, transparent sample. The pigment absorbs some of the laser light, which heats the sample along the laser beam path, producing refractive index changes which cause interference in the transmitted light waves .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Using Polymers and Pigments to Produce Laser Interference Rings

et al. 2019

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When a laser of sufficient intensity is shined into a pigmented transparent medium, the partially absorbed laser light can heat and change the refractive index of the medium in the path of the beam. This altered medium will in turn cause the transmitted laser light to thermally defocus into a series of concentric rings. Some solvents such as 2-propanol and a variety of polymers such as polystyrene, polyethylene terephthalate, and polydimethylsiloxane can be pigmented with a variety of colors. Samples of various colors can be used to spectacularly demonstrate characteristics of light absorption. For example, a 2-propanol solution containing methyl red in red acidic form will absorb a green laser and produce interference rings, but a solution of methyl red in yellow basic form will not. As another example, a red laser beam will pass unaffected through a red pigmented film, but the beam will heat a green film (e.g., from a green pigmented polyethylene terephthalate soda bottle) to produce interference rings. Additionally, since the pattern produced is based on the interference of light waves, these demonstrations reinforce concepts associated with the wave nature of light.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Using Polymers and Pigments to Produce Laser Interference Rings

et al. 2019

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“…The formation of thin metal oxide layers on metal surfaces is known to produce colors that span the full spectrum of the rainbow. − Such films can be created by thermal or electrochemical treatment. Heating copper in the presence of oxygen gas causes nanothin layers of copper(I) oxide to form on the copper surface: − , …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gold at the End of the Rainbow: A Simple and Colorful Modification of the Golden Penny Demonstration

Kuntzleman

Hogan

2022

J. Chem. Educ.

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The "Golden Penny" demonstration is a popular experiment that involves treating copper coins with chemical reagents to form brass, an alloy of copper and zinc that has a golden color. Reported here is a very simple modification for forming golden color on copper coins that does not require the use of chemical reagents. Instead, golden colored surfaces can be generated by simply heating copper coins on a hot plate to form nanoscale films of copper oxide. In addition to gold, such oxide layers display a range of other colors including orange, magenta, violet, and silver.

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“…These type of experiments that use household resources are attractive to the students and great fun to teach. 6,7 Commercial electrochemical pen can be found; it is used in industry to study corrosion 8 but mostly to decorate jewelry. 9,10…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The manufacturing is easy, quick, and only requires cheap materials, which promises a wide applicability also in short lessons or in schools with a limited budget. These type of experiments that use household resources are attractive to the students and great fun to teach. , Commercial electrochemical pen can be found; it is used in industry to study corrosion but mostly to decorate jewelry. , …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The EChemPen: A Guiding Hand To Learn Electrochemical Surface Modifications

et al. 2015

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International audienceThe Electrochemical Pen (EChemPen) was developed as an attractive tool for learning electrochemistry. The fabrication, principle, and operation of the EChemPen are simple and can be easily performed by students in practical classes. It is based on a regular fountain pen principle, where the electrolytic solution is dispensed at a tip to locally modify a conductive surface by triggering a localized electrochemical reaction. Three simple model reactions were chosen to demonstrate the versatility of the EChemPen for teaching various electrochemical processes. We describe first the reversible writing/erasing of metal letters, then the electrodeposition of a black conducting polymer ?ink?, and finally the colorful writings that can be generated by titanium anodization and that can be controlled by the applied potential. These entertaining and didactic experiments are adapted for teaching undergraduate students that start to study electrochemistry by means of surface modification reaction

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Simple Methods for Production of Nanoscale Metal Oxide Films from Household Sources

Abstract: Household items coated with various metals or titanium compounds can be heated to produce colorful films with nanoscale thicknesses.

Cited by 6 publications

References 8 publications

Using Polymers and Pigments to Produce Laser Interference Rings

Using Polymers and Pigments to Produce Laser Interference Rings

Gold at the End of the Rainbow: A Simple and Colorful Modification of the Golden Penny Demonstration

The EChemPen: A Guiding Hand To Learn Electrochemical Surface Modifications

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