Simple intermittent resistance activity mitigates the detrimental effect of prolonged unbroken sitting on arterial function in overweight and obese adults

Climie, Rachel E.; Wheeler, Michael J.; Grace, Megan S.; Lambert, Elisabeth; Cohen, Neale; Owen, Neville; Kingwell, Bronwyn A.; Dunstan, David W.; Green, Daniel

doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00544.2018

Cited by 46 publications

(121 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Recently, it has been reported in overweight/obese adults that prolonged sitting augments circulating levels of endothelial-derived vasoconstrictors (i.e., Endothelin-1), 30 which in theory, could attenuate vasodilatory function and perhaps even enhance vasoconstrictor responses to reductions in blood flow. However, our data are not supportive of this, as L-FMC did not change after sitting.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Prolonged Sitting on Peripheral and Central Vascular Health

Credeur

Miller

Jones

et al. 2019

The American Journal of Cardiology

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Prolonged, uninterrupted sitting negatively impacts markers of peripheral vascular health, particularly, vasodilatory function of leg arteries. Whether sitting can similarly impact measures of central vascular health, as well as overall leg vasoreactivity (i.e., vaso-dilatory and vasoconstrictor function) remains unknown. To address this, measurements were made in relatively healthy participants (i.e., free of overt disease; n = 20, age = 26 § 7; body mass index = 30 § 7 kg/m2; 7 female) pre, during and post 3 hours of uninterrupted sitting. Measures of central vascular health included arterial wave reflection (augmentation index and Reflection Magnitude-RM%) and aortic vascular stiffness (aortic pulse wavevelocity). Local vasoreactivity of the distal, posterior tibialartery was measured using flow-mediated dilation-FMD, coupled with low-flow mediated constriction, and microvascular function was assessed through the total hyperemic blood velocity (area-under-curve) response during FMD. After sitting, there was a significant increase in aortic pulse wave velocity (pre sit = 5.7 § 0.3 vs post sit = 6.1 § 0.3 m/s; p=0.009, d = 0.36), whereas, augmentation index decreased (pre sit=13 § 3 vs post sit=3 § 1%; p < 0.001, d = 0.71). Albeit a moderate effect for decrease, RM % was not significantly altered during sitting (p = 0.13, d = 0.3). Vasodilatory (i.e., FMD pre sit = 0.5 § 0.04 vs post sit =0.3 § 0.04 mm; p = 0.014, d = 0.29) and micro vascular function (i.e., Microvascular area-under-curve: pre sit = 2,196 § 333 vs1, 157 §172 AU; p = 0.003, d = 0.31) decreased, but vasoconstrictor function (low-flow mediated constriction; p = 0.85, d = 0.005) was unaffected by sitting. In conclusion, these data demonstrate that a prolonged bout of uninterrupted sitting negatively impacts markers of peripheral and central vascular health in relatively healthy adults.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Prolonged Sitting on Peripheral and Central Vascular Health

Credeur

Miller

Jones

et al. 2019

The American Journal of Cardiology

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“…As previously described , this study involved two acute experimental conditions (each of 6 hours’ duration) separated by a minimum 6‐day washout period. The experimental conditions were prolonged uninterrupted sitting (SIT) and sitting that was regularly interrupted with SRAs.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The primary outcome of the study was endothelial function, as previously reported , with postprandial glucose and insulin responses (determined as incremental area under the curve [iAUC]) being predefined secondary outcomes. It was determined that 19 completions would be required to see the anticipated effect size in the primary outcome.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Interrupting Sitting Time with Simple Resistance Activities Lowers Postprandial Insulinemia in Adults with Overweight or Obesity

Larsen

Ali

Dempsey

et al. 2019

Obesity

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Objective This study aimed to examine the effects on postprandial glucose and insulin responses of interrupting sitting time with brief bouts of simple resistance activities (SRAs) in adults with overweight or obesity. Methods Participants (n = 19) were recruited for a randomized crossover trial involving the following two 6‐hour conditions: (1) uninterrupted sitting or (2) sitting with 3‐minute bouts of SRAs (half‐squats, calf raises, gluteal contractions, and knee raises) every 30 minutes (total duration = 27 minutes). Incremental areas under the curve (iAUC) for glucose, insulin, and insulin:glucose ratio were analyzed as prespecified secondary outcomes using mixed‐effects log‐linear regression adjusted for sex, BMI, treatment order, and preprandial values. Results are reported as multiplicative change (exponentiated coefficient [EC] with 95% CI) relative to the control condition. Results Glucose iAUC during the SRA condition was not significantly different from the prolonged sitting condition (EC = 0.92; 95% CI: 0.73‐1.16; P = 0.43). However, SRAs lowered the postprandial insulin response by 26% (EC = 0.74; 95% CI: 0.64‐0.85; P < 0.001), and there was a 23% lowering of the iAUC for insulin:glucose (EC = 0.77; 95% CI: 0.67‐0.89; P < 0.001). Conclusions In adults with overweight or obesity, frequent interruptions to sitting time with SRAs lowered postprandial insulin responses and insulin:glucose. These findings may have implications for mitigating cardiometabolic risk in adults with overweight or obesity who engage in prolonged periods of sitting.

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“… 81) On the other hand, it has been shown that prolonged sitting contributes to CVD risk while intermittent resistance activity can mitigate this detrimental effect of prolonged unbroken sitting in overweight and obese adults. 82) Some authors suggest that appropriately tailored exercise regimen for every CVD risk patient should be planed and exercise prescription given to patients with CVD risk factors, including elevated plasma TG-rich particles. 83) …”

Section: Lifestyle Interventionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Triglyceride-Rich Lipoproteins and Novel Targets for Anti-atherosclerotic Therapy

Reiner

2018

Korean Circ J

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Although elevated serum low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) is without any doubts accepted as an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), the role of elevated triglycerides (TGs)-rich lipoproteins as an independent risk factor has until recently been quite controversial. Recent data strongly suggest that elevated TG-rich lipoproteins are an independent risk factor for CVD and that therapeutic targeting of them could possibly provide further benefit in reducing CVD morbidity, events and mortality, apart from LDL-C lowering. Today elevated TGs are treated with lifestyle interventions, and with fibrates which could be combined with omega-3 fatty acids. There are also some new drugs. Volanesorsen, is an antisense oligonucleotid that inhibits the production of the Apo C-III which is crucial in regulating TGs metabolism because it inhibits lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and hepatic lipase activity but also hepatic uptake of TGs-rich particles. Evinacumab is a monoclonal antibody against angiopoietin-like protein 3 (ANGPTL3) and it seems that it can substantially lower elevated TGs levels because ANGPTL3 also regulates TGs metabolism. Pemafibrate is a selective peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha modulator which also decreases TGs, and improves other lipid parameters. It seems that it also has some other possible antiatherogenic effects. Alipogene tiparvovec is a nonreplicating adeno-associated viral vector that delivers copies of the LPL gene to muscle tissue which accelerates the clearance of TG-rich lipoproteins thus decreasing extremely high TGs levels. Pradigastat is a novel diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 inhibitor which substantially reduces extremely high TGs levels and appears to be promising in treatment of the rare familial chylomicronemia syndrome.

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Simple intermittent resistance activity mitigates the detrimental effect of prolonged unbroken sitting on arterial function in overweight and obese adults

Cited by 46 publications

References 42 publications

Impact of Prolonged Sitting on Peripheral and Central Vascular Health

Impact of Prolonged Sitting on Peripheral and Central Vascular Health

Interrupting Sitting Time with Simple Resistance Activities Lowers Postprandial Insulinemia in Adults with Overweight or Obesity

Triglyceride-Rich Lipoproteins and Novel Targets for Anti-atherosclerotic Therapy

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