“…Electrohydrodynamic (EHD) pumps offer distinct advantages over traditional pumps as a fluid control method. − They feature a simple structure, lack moving parts, produce low noise, and enable rapid and precise control through electric fields . These inherent advantages have led to the widespread utilization of EHD pumps in various fields, including flow distribution control, − electrospinning, and electrostatic printing, − heat transfer enhancement, − and robot driving. − EHD pumps are devices that utilize an electric force to induce the movement of fluid.…”