Simple Heuristics in a Social Game

Hertwig, Ralph; Fischbacher, Urs; Bruhin, Adrian

doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195388435.003.0002

Cited by 26 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 928 publications

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“…Such dialogue needs to extend beyond the usual approach of plugging, for example, prospect theory, into the maximization toolbox. Additionally, the promising work on group decision making and fast-and-frugal heuristics (Hertwig, Hoffrage, and the ABC Research Group 2013) seems as yet not to be developed enough to provide guidance on regulating systems such as markets and organizations. Much more remains to be done and we hope that this article stimulates more effort in this direction.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nudge, Boost, or Design? Limitations of behaviorally informed policy under social interaction

Reijula¹,

Kuorikoski²,

Ehrig³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Nudge and boost are two competing approaches to applying the psychology of reasoning and decision making to improve policy. Whereas nudges rely on manipulation of choice architecture to steer people towards better choices, the objective of boosts is to develop good decision-making competences. Proponents of both approaches claim capacity to enhance social welfare through better individual decisions. We suggest that such efforts should involve a more careful analysis of how individual and social welfare are related in the policy context. First, individual rationality is not always sufficient or necessary for improving collective outcomes. Second, collective outcomes of complex social interactions among individuals are largely ignored by the focus of both nudge and boost on individual decisions. We suggest that the design of mechanisms and social norms can sometimes lead to better collective outcomes than nudge and boost, and present conditions under which the three approaches (nudge, boost, and design) can be expected to enhance social welfare.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nudge, Boost, or Design? Limitations of behaviorally informed policy under social interaction

Reijula¹,

Kuorikoski²,

Ehrig³

et al. 2018

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…For example, there might be differences in the perception of medical authority, as the shift from authoritative to shared decision making (Hertwig & Hoffrage, 2013) might be in various stages of progress in various countries. There is currently very little data on how Slovak parents make decisions about vaccination.…”

Section: Vaccination Decisions In the Slovak Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Which Communicative Strategies Do Slovak Pediatricians Choose to Facilitate Parental Decision-Making about Childhood Vaccination?

Bašnáková¹,

Hatoková²

2017

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One of the most common factors underlying delaying or refusing childhood vaccination are concerns about vaccine safety. Parents often struggle with conflicting information about their adverse effects, vaccine-preventable diseases, and also with emotions such as fear or distress. Pediatricians are in a privileged position to facilitate parental decision-making related to vaccination, but can also tip hesitant parents towards vaccine refusal, especially if they do not communicate effectively. This qualita tive study explores the decision-making processes of Slovak pediatricians in choosing communication strategies facilitating parental decisions about vaccination. We conducted literature search to identify recommendations about effective and ineffective communication strategies related to childhood vaccina tion, as well as in-depth interviews with 15 pediatricians. The results show that pediatricians typically lack formal training in communication with parents, but use a large number of effective communicative strategies that they have acquired during their clinical experience. However, often these decisions are not being made explicitly, and some pediatricians struggle with specific situations and types of parents. We conclude that implementing formal communication training in relation to childhood vaccination would make pediatricians' daily work more efficient and less emotionally ta xing.

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“…The underlying assumption of this study is that there are enough similarities between individuals and groups to apply the framework of ecological rationality and the adaptive toolbox (Gigerenzer et al, 1999;Hertwig, Hoffrage, & the ABC Research Group, 2013;Todd, Gigerenzer, & the ABC Research Group, 2012) also on the group level. Of course, the inference of individual-group similarity is an empirical question (Hinsz et al, 1997).…”

Section: Limitations and Open Questionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Adaptive Use of Recognition in Group Decision Making

2014

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Applying the framework of ecological rationality, the authors studied the adaptivity of group decision making. In detail, they investigated whether groups apply decision strategies conditional on their composition in terms of task-relevant features. The authors focused on the recognition heuristic, so the task-relevant features were the validity of the group members' recognition and knowledge, which influenced the potential performance of group strategies. Forty-three threemember groups performed an inference task in which they had to infer which of two German companies had the higher market capitalization. Results based on the choice data support the hypothesis that groups adaptively apply the strategy that leads to the highest theoretically achievable performance. Time constraints had no effect on strategy use but did have an effect on the proportions of different types of arguments. Possible mechanisms underlying the adaptive use of recognition in group decision making are discussed.

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Simple Heuristics in a Social Game

Cited by 26 publications

References 928 publications

Nudge, Boost, or Design? Limitations of behaviorally informed policy under social interaction

Nudge, Boost, or Design? Limitations of behaviorally informed policy under social interaction

Which Communicative Strategies Do Slovak Pediatricians Choose to Facilitate Parental Decision-Making about Childhood Vaccination?

The Adaptive Use of Recognition in Group Decision Making

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