Simple dynamic polarisation mode dispersion compensator

Francia, C.; Bruyère, F.; Thiéry, J.-P.; Penninckx, D.

doi:10.1049/el:19990287

Cited by 89 publications

(20 citation statements)

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“…An optical PMDC is dynamically adjusted with a feedback signal to track the PMD and SOP variation in a real system. Widely used feedback signals for optical PMDCs are degree of polarization (DOP), radio frequency (RF) tones, RF power within a certain bandwidth, and eyeopening [9,16,44,53]. The control algorithm works in a tracking mode to follow the PMD variation in the link by optimizing the feedback signal.…”

Section: Operation Principle Of Optical Pmdcmentioning

confidence: 99%

PMD Compensation/mitigation techniques for high-speed optical transport

Bülow¹,

Xie²,

Klekamp³

et al. 2009

Bell Labs Tech. J.

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optical and electrical compensation techniques that apply optical signal processing within an optical PMD compensator (PMDC) unit or post-detection electronic signal processing of the photodiode signal by an electronic equalizer within the receiver.In this paper, we review the advances in optical and electronic technologies for PMD mitigation. We first briefly analyze the impact of installed fiber PMD on a transmission system and how to quantify it. The principle and structure of optical PMDCs are described next. The impact of modulation formats on the design of optical PMDCs as well as the performance of a twostage optical PMDC for 40 Gb/s non-return-to-zero differential phase shift keying (NRZ-DPSK) will be discussed. We follow with a discussion of electronic equalizers, which process the electrical signal provided

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Section: Operation Principle Of Optical Pmdcmentioning

confidence: 99%

PMD Compensation/mitigation techniques for high-speed optical transport

Bülow¹,

Xie²,

Klekamp³

et al. 2009

Bell Labs Tech. J.

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“…Therefore, these polarimeters observe a mean SOP averaged over the whole trajectory (weighted by the instantaneous pulse power and the retention period of each SOP) that leads to a DOP smaller than unity. In [6,7,13] the DOP criterion has been successfully applied assuming that an increased DOP leads to a reduced BER.…”

Section: Dop As Distortion Monitormentioning

confidence: 99%

PMD-compensation techniques

Rosenfeldt¹,

Brinkmeyer

2005

J Optic Comm Rep

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PMD has become a serious limitation for the advent of 40G optical transmission systems. Commercial operators still avoid the utilization of optical PMD compensators since crucial questions such as expected performance and reliability are still subject to research and are not yet satisfactory answered for all relevant cases. The common solutions of tackling PMD, e.g., limiting transmission distance or selecting low-PMD fibers, does not necessarily apply for optical OTDM systems with bit rates beyond 160 Gbit/s. This article describes current approaches for PMD compensators with special focus on the requirements of optical OTDM systems.Although Polarization Mode Dispersion (PMD) in optical fibers has been investigated since the late 70s, it became a matter of increasing importance since approximately 1997 due to the commercial advent of 10 Gbit/s optical transmission systems. After having removed limitations caused by chromatic dispersion and non-linear effects in optical WDM systems, the problems caused by PMD still pose an ultimate limit for optical high-speed transmission and have not yet been satisfactory solved.The main reason for the difficulties in compensating PMD-induced distortions probably is that PMD changes statistically with time at different time scales. Therefore, unlike chromatic dispersion, PMD has to be compensated dynamically, e.g., by an active control circuitry. Therefore, the main goal of compensating PMD is not only to find the compensator's optimum settings to combat the PMD-induced distortions but also to keep track of the temporal fluctuations of the transmission link and to maintain the quality of compensation. This gives rise to numerous questions regarding response time, reliability, complexity and cost of such a solution.If the differential group delay (DGD) of a fiber stays well below the duration of a single bit, the PMD-induced impairments can be neglected. However, particularly OTDM systems with bit rates of 160 Gbit/s and bit durations of less than 6.25 ps will be severely disturbed by the DGD levels of common deployed fibers. At these bit rates

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“…Thi s system i s m uch m ore sim pl er to bui l d, contro l , and ana l yze and theref ore is superi or to the Ùrst-order PMD com p ensati on system . D yna mi c m etho ds or vari abl e del ay metho ds are based on appl i cati on of opti cal el ements wi th el ectro ni cal ly contro l led opti cal pul se to com p ensate for the D G D [5]. These m etho ds are generall y based on vari ati on i n the di˜erenti al gro up del ay.…”

Section: M Et H O D S O F P M D Com P En Sat I Onmentioning

confidence: 99%