Simple discrimination reversals in the domestic horse (Equus caballus): Effect of discriminative stimulus modality on learning to learn

Martin, Tracy I.; Zentall, Thomas R.; Lawrence, L. J.

doi:10.1016/j.applanim.2006.02.011

Cited by 22 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…To determine if the horses were using spatial cues or brightness cues to complete the reversal task, Martin, Zentall, and Lawrence (2006) compared horses in a "visual" reversal learning condition to horses in a "spatial" reversal learning condition and found that horses in the spatial group made fewer and fewer errors over the course of six trials. Horses in the visual group struggled to even learn the initial discrimination task and were not subject to any reversal trials (Martin et al, 2006). Other studies have suggested that horses struggle with both basic discrimination and reversal learning based on visual characteristics of stimuli compared to spatial stimuli -although horses can often learn to discriminate visual cues with additional training (Hothersall et al, 2010).…”

Section: Reversal Learningmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Horses that were faster at learning the reversal were rated as more trainable by an independent trainer (Fiske and Potter, 1979). To determine if the horses were using spatial cues or brightness cues to complete the reversal task, Martin, Zentall, and Lawrence (2006) compared horses in a "visual" reversal learning condition to horses in a "spatial" reversal learning condition and found that horses in the spatial group made fewer and fewer errors over the course of six trials. Horses in the visual group struggled to even learn the initial discrimination task and were not subject to any reversal trials (Martin et al, 2006).…”

Section: Reversal Learningmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Cognition and learning in horses (Equus caballus): What we know and why we should ask more

Brubaker

Udell

2016

Behavioural Processes

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Section: Reversal Learningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Reversal Learningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognition and learning in horses (Equus caballus): What we know and why we should ask more

Brubaker

Udell

2016

Behavioural Processes

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“…That is, the degree of improvement relative to baseline should be a measure of the animal's cognitive flexibility (Bitterman, 1975). Research has shown that a variety of animals, including apes and monkeys (Beran, Klein, Evans, Chan, Flemming, Harris et al, 2008;Warren, 1966), horses (Martin, Zentall, & Lawrence, 2006), rats (Bushnell & Stanton, 1991;Reid & Morris, 1992), and birds (Bond, Kamil, & Balda, 2007;Ploog & Williams, 2010), show substantial improvement with reversals, which suggests that this type of flexibility has adaptive value (Shettleworth, 1998).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous discrimination reversal learning in pigeons and humans: anticipatory and perseverative errors

Molet²,

2010

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Pigeons were trained on a two-choice simultaneous discrimination (red vs. green) that reversed midway through each session. After considerable training, they consistently made both anticipatory errors prior to the reversal and perseverative errors after the reversal, suggesting that time (or number of trials) into the session served as a cue for reversal. In Experiment 2, to discourage the use of time as a cue, we varied the location of the reversal point within the session such that it occurred semirandomly after Trial 10, 25, 40, 55, or 70. Pigeons still tended both to anticipate and to perseverate. In Experiment 3, we required 20 pecks to a stimulus on each trial to facilitate memory for the preceding response and sensitivity to local reinforcement contingencies, but the results were similar to those of Experiment 2. We then tested humans on a similar task with a constant (Experiment 4) or variable (Experiment 5) reversal location. When the reversal occurred consistently at the midpoint of the session, humans, like pigeons, showed a tendency to anticipate the reversal; however, they did not show perseverative errors. When the reversal location varied between sessions, unlike pigeons, humans adopted a win-stay/lose-shift strategy, making only a single error on the first trial of the reversal.

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“…In one study, horses were trained to respond to a stimulus and tested to determine how quickly they learned to adjust if the reward was reversed (the reward was removed from the initial stimulus and associated with a previous neutral stimulus). This study used both lights and objects as conditioned stimulus and suggested that horses learned better from object discrimination rather than light stimulus (41) .…”

Section: Horsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conditioning Methods for Animals in Agriculture: A Review

Abramsom

Kieson

2016

Ciênc. anim. bras.

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This article briefly describes different conditioning techniques used to help understand learning in farm livestock and economically important animals. A basic overview of conditioning is included along with the importance of different conditioning methods, associative and non-associative learning, and how these principles apply to chickens, horses, cows, goats, pigs, and sheep. Additional information on learning theory specific for each animal is also provided. Keywords: cattle; classical; conditioning; goats; horses; operant; pigs; sheep; training. ResumoEste artigo descreve brevemente diferentes técnicas de condicionamento usadas para ajudar a compreender a aprendizagem em animas de criação e animais economicamente importantes. Uma visão geral básica de condicionamento está incluída juntamente com a importância de diferentes métodos de condicionamento, aprendizagens associativas e não-associativas e como esses princípios se aplicam para as galinhas, cavalos, vacas, suínos, caprinos e ovinos. Informações adicionais sobre a teoria de aprendizagem específica para cada animal também são fornecidas.

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Simple discrimination reversals in the domestic horse (Equus caballus): Effect of discriminative stimulus modality on learning to learn

Cited by 22 publications

References 16 publications

Cognition and learning in horses (Equus caballus): What we know and why we should ask more

Cognition and learning in horses (Equus caballus): What we know and why we should ask more

Simultaneous discrimination reversal learning in pigeons and humans: anticipatory and perseverative errors

Conditioning Methods for Animals in Agriculture: A Review

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