Simple Determination of Gaseous and Particulate Compounds Generated from Heated Tobacco Products

Uchiyama, Shigehisa; Noguchi, Mayumi; Takagi, Nao; Hayashida, Hideki; Inaba, Yohei; Ogura, Hironao; Kunugita, Naoki

doi:10.1021/acs.chemrestox.8b00024

Cited by 97 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…A systematic review concluded that HTPs exposed users and bystanders to toxic substances. [33][34][35] These studies suggest the possible harmful effects of the passive smoking of HTPs. The WHO report published in July 2019, claimed that heated tobacco contains the same harmful substances as combustible cigarette and does not necessarily reduce health risks.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Heated Tobacco Products Have Reached Younger or More Affluent People in Japan

Igarashi

Aida

Kusama

et al. 2021

Journal of Epidemiology

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word count: 248 Number of figures: 1 Number of tables: 3 Number of supplementary files: 3 A c c e p t e d V e r s i o n AbstractBackground: The trend of the diffusion of heated tobacco products (HTPs) is a great concern because HTPs have become available worldwide. This study examined the sociodemographic characteristics of HTPs users in Japan, which were first launched.Methods: This cross-sectional study used data from an online survey conducted in 2017. A total of 4,926 participants, aged 20-69 years, were included. The dependent variable was the type of tobacco products used. The independent variables were age and equivalent income. Two analyses estimated the odds ratios (ORs) for 1) being smokers compared to "non-smokers", and 2) being "HTP smokers" compared to "only combustible cigarette smokers." Analyses were stratified by sex. Educational attainment and occupation were also used in the sensitivity analyses.Results: The percentages of "non-smokers," "only combustible cigarette smokers," and "HTP smokers" were 82.8%, 14.2%, and 3.0%, respectively. When compared to the oldest participants (aged 60-69), the youngest participants (aged 20-29) tended to be "HTP smokers" (OR=7.90 (95% CI=3. 09-20.22) for men and 9.28 (2.14-40.28) for women). Compared to participants with the lowest incomes (<2 million), those with the highest incomes (≥4 million) tended to use HTPs (OR=2.93 (95% CI=1.56-5.49) in men and 1.82 (0.73-4.54) in women). These trends were consistent when analyses included only smokers. There were consistent results in other SES measurements; educational attainment and occupation.Conclusions: Younger or more affluent people tended to use HTPs, although smoking rates among A c c e p t e d V e r s i o n these populations were generally lower. New tobacco control efforts are required.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Heated Tobacco Products Have Reached Younger or More Affluent People in Japan

Igarashi

Aida

Kusama

et al. 2021

Journal of Epidemiology

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“…The tobacco industry claims that during HTP use, emissions of toxic chemicals are reduced due to the lower working temperature of the devices [13][14][15]23,24]. The results of independent studies suggest that toxic compounds are not completely removed from the HTP aerosol and these products are still not risk-free (Table 1) [7,19,[25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35]. Uchiyama et al compared the chemical composition of the aerosol from all 3 available heated tobacco products: IQOS with 4 different heat sticks, glo with 3 different heat sticks, and Ploom TECH with 3 different tobacco capsules, with smoke generated from 2 different reference cigarettes [7].…”

Section: Chemical Composition Of Generated Aerosolmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The results of independent studies suggest that toxic compounds are not completely removed from the HTP aerosol and these products are still not risk-free (Table 1) [7,19,[25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35]. Uchiyama et al compared the chemical composition of the aerosol from all 3 available heated tobacco products: IQOS with 4 different heat sticks, glo with 3 different heat sticks, and Ploom TECH with 3 different tobacco capsules, with smoke generated from 2 different reference cigarettes [7]. Water accounted for 75-85% of the total gaseous and particulate matter generated during IQOS and glo use, compared to 17-27% in the smoke from traditional cigarettes [7].…”

Section: Chemical Composition Of Generated Aerosolmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Uchiyama et al compared the chemical composition of the aerosol from all 3 available heated tobacco products: IQOS with 4 different heat sticks, glo with 3 different heat sticks, and Ploom TECH with 3 different tobacco capsules, with smoke generated from 2 different reference cigarettes [7]. Water accounted for 75-85% of the total gaseous and particulate matter generated during IQOS and glo use, compared to 17-27% in the smoke from traditional cigarettes [7]. Heated tobacco products generated fewer chemical compounds compared to traditional cigarettes, except for water, propylene glycol, glycerol, and acetol, where the concentration in mainstream smoke was higher in heated tobacco than in traditional cigarettes [7,27].…”

Section: Chemical Composition Of Generated Aerosolmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The heated tobacco smoking technology is based on a unique electronic method of heating to generate aerosols from tobacco sticks. Tobacco heating systems operate at lower temperatures (240-350°C) than conventional cigarettes (> 600°C) [7]. The IQOS tobacco heating system includes a "pen-shaped" electronically controlled heating element (holder) and a portable charger for recharging the holder [4,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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New ideas, old problems? Heated tobacco products – a systematic review

Jankowski

Brożek

Lawson

et al. 2019

Int J Occup Med Environ Health

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Heated tobacco products (HTPs) are a form of nicotine delivery intended to provide an alternative to traditional cigarettes. The aim of this systematic review was to present the current state of knowledge on HTPs with an emphasis on the potential impact of HTP use on human health. During the preparation of this systematic review, the literature on HTPs available within Medline/PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar was retrieved and examined. In the final review, 97 research papers were included. The authors specifically assessed the construction and operation of HTPs, as well as the chemical composition of HTP tobacco sticks and the generated aerosol, based on evidence from experimental animal and cellular studies, and human-based studies. Heated tobacco products were found to generate lower concentrations of chemical compounds compared to traditional cigarettes, except for water, propylene glycol, glycerol, and acetol. The nicotine levels delivered to the aerosol by HTPs were 70-80% as those of conventional combustion. The results of in vitro and in vivo assessments of HTP aerosols revealed reduced toxicity, but these were mainly based on studies sponsored by the tobacco industry. Independent human-based studies indicated that there was a potentially harmful impact of the active and passive HTP smoking on human health. Currently, a large body of knowledge on HTP exposures and health effects is provided by the tobacco industry (52% of identified studies). Based on the available evidence, HTPs produce lower levels of toxic chemicals, compared to conventional cigarettes, but they are still not risk-free. Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2019;32(5):595 -634

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Analysis of Secondhand Smoke Exposure and Myopia Among Children Aged 6 to 8 Years in Hong Kong

Zhang

et al. 2023

JAMA Netw Open

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ImportanceSecondhand smoke (SHS) exposure potentially threatens ocular health; however, its association with myopia is unknown.ObjectiveTo examine the association between SHS exposure and childhood myopia.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsCross-sectional data from the population-based Hong Kong Children Eye Study were used. Data were collected from March 5, 2015, to September 12, 2021, at The Chinese University of Hong Kong Eye Center. Participants included children aged 6 to 8 years. Secondhand smoke exposure was evaluated using a validated questionnaire. All participants underwent comprehensive ophthalmic and physical examinations.ExposureSecondhand smoke exposure.Main Outcomes and MeasuresGeneralized estimating equations were constructed to examine the association of SHS exposure with spherical equivalent and axial length; logistic regression models, with myopia rate; and linear regression models, with myopia onset.ResultsA total of 12 630 children (mean [SD] age, 7.37 [0.88] years; 53.2% boys) were included in the analysis. Among the participants, 4092 (32.4%) had SHS exposure. After adjusting for age, sex, parental myopia, body mass index, near-work time, outdoor time, and family income, SHS exposure was associated with greater myopic refraction (β = −0.09 [95% CI, −0.14 to −0.03]) and longer axial length (β = 0.05 [95% CI, 0.02-0.08]). Children with SHS exposure were more likely to develop moderate (odds ratio [OR], 1.30 [95% CI, 1.06-1.59]) and high myopia (OR, 2.64 [95% CI, 1.48-4.69]). The association of SHS exposure with spherical equivalence and axial length was magnified in younger children. For each younger year of a child’s exposure to SHS, SHS exposure was associated with a 0.07-D decrease in spherical equivalence (β = 0.07 [95% CI, 0.01-0.13]) and a 0.05-mm increase in axial length (β = −0.05 [95% CI, −0.08 to −0.01]). Exposure to SHS was associated with an earlier mean (SD) age at onset of myopia (72.8 [0.9] vs 74.6 [0.6] months; P = .01). Every increase in SHS exposure in units of 10 cigarettes per day was associated with greater myopic refraction (β = −0.07 [95% CI, −0.11 to −0.02]), axial length (β = 0.04 [95% CI, 0.01-0.06]), and likelihood of developing moderate (OR, 1.23 [95% CI, 1.05-1.44]) and high myopia (OR, 1.75 [95% CI, 1.20-2.56]), and earlier myopia onset (β = −1.30 [95% CI, −2.32 to −0.27]).Conclusions and RelevanceThe findings of this cross-sectional study suggest that SHS exposure was associated with greater myopic refraction, longer axial length, greater likelihood of developing moderate and high myopia, and earlier myopia onset. The larger the quantity of SHS exposure and the younger the child, the more advanced myopia development and progression with which SHS exposure is associated.

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Simple Determination of Gaseous and Particulate Compounds Generated from Heated Tobacco Products

Cited by 97 publications

References 19 publications

Heated Tobacco Products Have Reached Younger or More Affluent People in Japan

Heated Tobacco Products Have Reached Younger or More Affluent People in Japan

New ideas, old problems? Heated tobacco products – a systematic review

Analysis of Secondhand Smoke Exposure and Myopia Among Children Aged 6 to 8 Years in Hong Kong

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