Simple criterion for the characterization of nonlinear impairments in dispersion-managed optical transmission systems

Abstract-This paper presents an alternative derivation of the Gaussian noise (GN) model of the nonlinear interference (NLI) in strongly dispersive optical systems. The basic idea is to exploit an enhanced regular perturbation expansion of the NLI, which highlights several interesting features of the GN model. Using the framework, we derive a fast algorithm to evaluate the received NLI power spectral density (PSD) for any input PSD. In the paper we also provide an asymptotic expression of the NLI PSD which further speeds up the computation without losing significant accuracy. Moreover, we show how the asymptotic expression can be used to optimize system performance. For instance, we are able to prove why a flat spectrum is best to minimize the NLI variance when the input is constrained to a fixed bandwidth and power. Finally, we also provide a generalization of the NLI GN model to arbitrarily correlated X and Y polarizations.Index Terms-Gaussian Noise (GN) model, perturbation methods.

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“…The first one evaluates the integral in closed-form over the distance, leaving a double integral over the frequency domain [6], [23], [28] …”

Section: A Numerical Implementationmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Alternative Approach to the Gaussian Noise Model and its System Implications

Serena

Bononi

2013

J. Lightwave Technol.

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“…Using (12) and (13), we get (15) where (16) and where the kernel equals (17) It is worth noting from (15) that even with a perfect compensation of the GVD (i.e., ), some amount of distortion remains from the perturbative term . We now ask if, in such a condition of zero residual GVD, a prefiber exists that minimizes the distortion on the received signal.…”

Section: Large-signal Perturbative Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This choice implies that the reference power in (7) is the signal peak power and, consequently, here is the cumulative peak nonlinear phase. At full inline compensation, , one can obtain a closed-form of the double integral in (16) with a step input (21) which is the exact first-order perturbative solution (12) for and an approximation of it for . Fig.…”

Section: A Large-signal Step Response Of the Dm-linkmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…ii) For a given nonlinear cumulated phase, the single parameter is sufficient to determine system performance of optimized DM links, where is the group-velocity dispersion (GVD) parameter of the transmission fiber, its effective length, and the bit-rate [8]- [12]. iii) A linear relationship between the optimal precompensation and the in-line dispersion, which we call the straight-line rule (SLR), exists for return-to-zero (RZ) OOK format [13], [14] and holds for non-RZ (NRZ) format as well [15], [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Unified Design Framework for Single-Channel Dispersion-Managed Terrestrial Systems

Bononi

Serena

Orlandini

2008

J. Lightwave Technol.

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Abstract-This paper provides a unified framework to the design, performance optimization, and accurate numerical simulation of periodic, dispersion-managed (DM) single-channel long-haul optical transmission systems for nonsoliton on-off keying (OOK) modulation. The focus is on DM terrestrial systems, with identical spans composed of a long transmission fiber compensated at the span end by a linear dispersion compensating module, with pre-and postcompensation fibers at the beginning and end of the link. The framework is based on the dispersion-managed nonlinear Schrödinger equation (DM-NLSE). First, expressions of the DM-NLSE kernel are provided both in the frequency and the time domain, and a novel map strength parameter, appropriate for terrestrial systems, is introduced. It is then shown that the DM-NLSE contains all the basic information needed for system design, as summarized by three parameters: i) nonlinear phase, ii) in-line dispersion, and iii) map strength. Through a large-signal perturbative analysis of the DM-NLSE, the well-known linear relationship between the in-line dispersion and the optimal precompensation is derived, along with the large-signal step response of the DM link, from which the ghost pulses energy growth and a first estimation of the link memory are derived. The DM-NLSE is then linearized around the average signal field to get the amplitude/phase small-signal system matrix of the overall DM link, including pre-and postcompensation. By a singular-value decomposition of the small-signal DM link matrix, a novel expression of the memory of the optimized DM link is finally provided. Knowledge of such a memory is mandatory to run accurate numerical simulations and laboratory measurements with a sufficiently long pseudorandom bit sequence to avoid patterning effects.Index Terms-Dispersion-managed nonlinear Schrödinger equation, optical fiber memory, perturbation methods, pseudorandom binary sequence (PRBS) length, small-signal analysis.

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“…5 This solution is given as the sum of the solution for linear transmission and a perturbation term representing nonlinear effects. After loss-and dispersion-compensation, the transmitted signal is described by:…”

Section: Perturbative Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

A simple criterion for the characterization of nonlinear impairments in optical transmission systems

Fischer

Louchet²,

Randel

et al. 2005

SPIE Proceedings

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In this paper, the concept of the nonlinear diffusion bandwidth of a fiber is introduced. This simple criterion enables the characterization of nonlinear impairments in single-span transmission systems. Furthermore it is shown how to extend this criterion to multi-span dispersion-managed transmission systems. This enables to easily predict the performance of a given modulation format over various transmission lines with different fiber chromatic dispersion and dispersion maps.

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Simple criterion for the characterization of nonlinear impairments in dispersion-managed optical transmission systems

Cited by 33 publications

References 8 publications

An Alternative Approach to the Gaussian Noise Model and its System Implications

An Alternative Approach to the Gaussian Noise Model and its System Implications

A Unified Design Framework for Single-Channel Dispersion-Managed Terrestrial Systems

A simple criterion for the characterization of nonlinear impairments in optical transmission systems

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