Simple bone cyst of spinal vertebrae: two case reports and literature review

Abstract

Simple bone cyst (SBC) is not a common lesion in the spine and especially in the vertebral body. We intend to report two cases of SBC located in the vertebral body, and review the literature. Two cases include a 24 year-old male and 26 year-old male with vertebral body lesion of T12 and L5 vertebrae,retrospectively. Both lesions were found to be SBC and confirmed by pathology. Both cases were managed with surgery, the cavity was filled with bone graft and posterior spinal fusion and instrumentation with pedicle screws, and rods were carried out. There was no recurrence. There have been 21 cases of SBCs in English literature, and only 8 cases have been reported in the vertebral body. SBC is a rare benign lesion in the spine and it should be considered in the differential diagnosis when suggested by radiologic investigations.

Acquired Simple Bone Cyst Associated With Lumbar Spinal Canal Stenosis Progression: A Case Report

“…Spinal SBC is very rare and usually occurs in adults. There are few reports of SBC in the lumbar posterior elements [ 4 - 6 ] (Table 1 ) and vertebrae in middle-aged adults [ 7 ].…”

“…Spinal SBC is very rare and usually occurs in adults. There are few reports of SBC in the lumbar posterior elements [4][5][6] (Table 1) and vertebrae in middle-aged adults [7]. It is a well-known fact that mechanical stress and angiogenesis are involved in the progression of HLF in LCS [8].…”

Solitary Bone Cyst in the Lumbar Spine: Case Report and Literature Review

“…The presence of SBC in vertebral bodies and in adulthood, as in our case, is extremely infrequent. To date, only 24 cases have been described in spinal location [ 2 ] ( Table 1 ) of which ten are located in the cervical spine [ 9 – 13 , 16 , 19 , 22 , 23 , 25 ], two in the thoracic spine [ 2 , 14 ], and thirteen in lumbar spine [ 2 , 5 – 8 , 15 , 17 , 18 , 20 , 21 , 24 , 26 , 27 ]. In spinal localization, there is no preference for anatomical location, with eight cases described in the posterior column: spinous process [ 7 , 9 , 12 – 14 ], lamina [ 8 ], and pedicle [ 5 , 15 ].…”

“…It is more frequent in the second decade of life and predominantly 2/3 : 1 in males. It is located in the proximal metaphysis of the humerus and femur in 80% of cases, infrequent in other locations and exceptional in the spine with very few cases described in this location [ 2 ].…”

“…In vertebral location, previous studies show the different treatment options such as (1) aspirate with corticosteroid injection [ 6 ] has been described for smaller lesions in the vertebral body; (2) simple resection [ 7 – 9 ], curettage [ 10 – 15 ], or resection with curettage [ 8 , 11 , 15 ]; (3) other authors have described curettage and filling with autologous graft [ 2 , 16 – 22 ] or filling with hydroxyapatite [ 13 ]; (4) resection with arthrodesis due to the location and possible instability after resection [ 5 , 10 , 23 , 24 ]. No case described to date has been treated with polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) injection in vertebral location.…”