Simple and rapid determination of PCDD/Fs in flue gases from various waste incinerators in China using DR-EcoScreen cells

A sensitive, rapid, and simple DR-EcoScreen bioassay for the determination of PCDD/Fs and dioxin-like PCBs in environmental and food samples

“…As a result, although the BEQ values obtained from DR-EcoScreen assay were 4.10-to 6.07-fold higher than the TEQ values from the HRGC-HRMS analysis, we found good linear relationships (r 2 =0.95 to 0.99, n=18 to 21) between the two methods for four types of samples (Zhou et al 2014). Therefore, we used the total results for the PCDD/F concentrations in the four kinds of flue gas samples obtained from the two methods.…”

“…4a, sample cleanup was conducted using two different methods: The cleanup for the DR-EcoScreen assays employed an SPD-600 automated-sample preparation device (Kyoto Electronics Company, Ltd., Kyoto, Japan), whereas the cleanup for the HRGC-HRMS analysis used conventional manual chromatography columns, including a multisilica gel column, an alumina column, and a florisil column (according to the protocol provided by the Japanese Industrial Standards (JIS K0311 1999)). This automated pretreatment system, consisting of a multilayer silica gel column and an alumina column, employs two special techniques (heating multilayer silica gel and automatic solvent substitution) that were able to remove interference from contaminants such as aromatic hydrocarbons and allow direct concentration to a small volume of DMSO solution, potentially reducing human error (Zhou et al 2014).…”

“…In 2010, the Japanese Ministry of the Environment newly published a bio-manual for determining the dioxin concentrations in flue gas and fly ash from incinerators (≤2 t h −1 ) using several bioassays, including the DR-EcoScreen assay (Japanese Ministry of the Environment 2010). To promote the use of this bioassay method in developing countries in Asia, we investigated the applicability of the DR-EcoScreen assay to the determination of PCDD/Fs in 78 flue gas samples from four kinds of incinerators, including medical waste and municipal solid waste incinerators, in China as a prescreening step to the HRGC-HRMS method (Zhou et al 2014).…”

“…Application of the DR-EcoScreen assay to determine the PCDD/Fs in flue gas samples from the four incinerator types in China(Zhou et al 2014). a Schema for the extraction and cleanup of flue gas samples for the DR-EcoScreen assay and HRGC-HRMS analysis.…”

Combination of a Fast Cleanup Procedure and a DR-CALUX® Bioassay for Dioxin Surveillance in Taiwanese Soils

“…Recently, several studies have carried out soil dioxin surveys in various local regions [22,23,24], but only a few studies have used bioassays to determine soil dioxin levels [8,25,26,27,28,29]. A high correlation has been found between dioxin levels measured using the in vitro aryl-hydrocarbon-receptor (AhR) reporter gene assay and dioxin levels measured using chemical assays [8,30,31]. Although it is a fast-screening and semi-quantitative method of measuring dioxin levels in soil, the AhR reporter gene assay has been used in only a few large-scale soil-contamination studies or large-scale surveillances of dioxin-contaminated soil [27,29].…”