Simple and inexpensive immunoassay-based diagnostic tests

Päkkilä, Henna; Soukka, Tero

doi:10.1007/s12566-011-0021-6

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 110 publications

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“…Immunoassays are powerful bioanalytical techniques that have been used extensively in clinical diagnosis for decades, either performed in a laboratory [1][2][3] or, more recently, integrated into portable devices. 4,5 Immunoassay applications have been successfully broadened to environmental analysis, 6,7 with a significant and increasing share targeted to mycotoxin quantification in feed and foodstuff. [8][9][10] However, immunoassays suffer from significant matrix interference in samples such as blood, 11 urine, 12 water, 6 and food extracts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On-chip sample preparation and analyte quantification using a microfluidic aqueous two-phase extraction coupled with an immunoassay

et al. 2014

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Immunoassays are fast and sensitive techniques for analyte quantification, and their use in point-of-care devices for medical, environmental, and food safety applications has potential benefits of cost, portability, and multiplexing. However, immunoassays are often affected by matrix interference effects, requiring the use of complex laboratory extraction and concentration procedures in order to achieve the required sensitivity. In this paper we propose an integrated microfluidic device for the simultaneous matrix clean-up, concentration and detection. This device consists of two modules in series, the first performing an aqueous two-phase extraction (ATPE) for matrix extraction and analyte pre-concentration, and the second an immunoassay for quantification. The model analyte was the mycotoxin ochratoxin A (OTA) in a wine matrix. Using this strategy, a limit of detection (LoD) of 0.26 ng mL(-1) was obtained for red wine spiked with OTA, well below the regulatory limit for OTA in wines of 2 ng mL(-1) set by the European Union. Furthermore, the linear response on the logarithmic concentration scale was observed to span 3 orders of magnitude (0.1-100 ng mL(-1)). These results are comparable to those obtained for the quantification of OTA in plain buffer without an integrated ATPE (LoD = 0.15 ng mL(-1)). The proposed method was also found to provide similar results for markedly different matrices, such as red and white wines. This novel approach based on aqueous two-phase systems can help the development of point-of-care devices that can directly deal with real samples in complex matrices without the need for extra extraction processes and equipment.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On-chip sample preparation and analyte quantification using a microfluidic aqueous two-phase extraction coupled with an immunoassay

et al. 2014

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Moving the solid phase: a platform technology for cartridge based sandwich immunoassays

Gottheil

Baur

Becker

et al. 2013

Biomed Microdevices

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We report on a cartridge based platform for complex immunoassay formats that allows for flexible adaption of individual steps. It is a sample-to-answer system which is quantitative as well as sensitive. The target molecules are detected through a magnetic bead-based fluorescence sandwich immunoassay. The beads both constitute the solid phase for immobilizing capture molecules and are used for magnetic field activated incubation. The injection molded cartridge comprises several chambers separated by capillary valves. Chambers contain the assay reagents, through which the beads are manipulated via externally applied magnetic fields. Active incubation is made possible by assembling the beads into microstirrers and systematically scanning through a chamber. The beads are transported by focusing them to form an aggregate which subsequently is dragged through the valves. Once the aggregate enters a chamber, it is re-dispersed and magnetic actuation is used to re-assemble the beads into microstirrers. The assay protocol involves an incubation of sample with antibody coated magnetic beads, followed by steps for washing or separation, labeling with fluorescent detection antibody and finally fluorescence detection. An interleukin-8 assay served as a model for evaluating the system and a concentration as low as 5 pg/mL (0.625 pM) was successfully detected. The platform shows potential to be developed into a diagnostic tool to be used in a point-of-care testing (PoCT) environment.

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Detection of autoantibodies in a point-of-care rheumatology setting

Konstantinov

Tzamaloukas

Rubin

2013

Autoimmun Highlights

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Autoimmune rheumatic diseases are common and confront society with serious medical, social, and financial burdens imposed by their debilitating nature. Many autoimmune diseases are associated with a particular set of autoantibodies, which have emerged as highly useful to define and classify disease, predict flares, or monitor efficacy of therapy. However, current practice for monitoring autoantibodies is protracted, labor-intensive, and expensive. This review provides an overview on the value of point-of-care (POC) biosensor technology in the diagnosis and management of patients with autoimmune rheumatic diseases. Real-time measurement of autoantibodies will clearly benefit the rheumatology practice in emergency and urgent care settings, where definitive diagnosis is essential for initiation of correct critical care therapy. Immediate serological information in clinic will provide considerable value for long-term patient care and an opportunity for an instant, result-deduced therapeutic action, avoiding delays and improving compliance, especially in field-based and remote areas. We describe the particular autoantibodies that are useful disease and activity markers and would, therefore, be attractive to POC applications. Already existing biosensors and platforms that show promise for autoantibody testing are summarized and comparatively evaluated. As POC assessment is gaining momentum in several areas of patient care, we propose that rheumatology is poised to benefit from this innovative and affordable technology.

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Simple and inexpensive immunoassay-based diagnostic tests

Cited by 4 publications

References 110 publications

On-chip sample preparation and analyte quantification using a microfluidic aqueous two-phase extraction coupled with an immunoassay

On-chip sample preparation and analyte quantification using a microfluidic aqueous two-phase extraction coupled with an immunoassay

Moving the solid phase: a platform technology for cartridge based sandwich immunoassays

Detection of autoantibodies in a point-of-care rheumatology setting

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