Similitude for Shaking Table Tests on Soil-Structure-Fluid Model in 1g Gravitational Field

Iai, Susumu

doi:10.3208/sandf1972.29.105

Cited by 671 publications

(211 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…In all physical models, the same target stepped-amplitude sinusoidal record with a frequency of 5Hz was used as the horizontal base excitation history. A 5Hz frequency at 1/6 model scale corresponds to 2Hz at prototype scale according to the scaling laws proposed by Iai [10]. Frequencies of 2-3Hz are representative of typical predominant frequencies of medium to high frequency earthquakes [11].…”

Section: Numerical Modelsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Numerical Analysis of Earthquake Load Mitigation on Rigid Retaining Walls Using EPS Geofoam

Wang¹,

Bathurst²

2012

TOCIEJ

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Abstract:The mitigation of seismic-induced dynamic earth forces by placing a vertical layer of expanded polystyrene (EPS) geofoam buffer between a rigid retaining wall and the backfill soil is a recent geotechnical innovation. In this paper, the influence of an EPS geofoam buffer on the reduction of dynamic wall forces is numerically studied by simulating the results of three reduced-scale models of rigid walls mounted on a large shaking table. Numerical simulations were carried out using the finite element program ABAQUS. The paper shows that the numerical results capture the trend in earth forces with increasing base acceleration for all three models. The quantitative dynamic load-time response from the numerical simulations was also judged to be in good agreement with measured physical test values. The numerical trend of EPS geofoam also is the same as that of measured test data. With the increasing time, the compression of EPS geofoam increases. And softer EPS geofoam produces more compression which takes more vibration energy by its deformation. The numerical results confirm the results of physical tests that demonstrate that EPS geofoam seismic buffers hold great promise to reduce earthquake-induced dynamic loads against rigid retaining wall structures.

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Section: Numerical Modelsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Numerical Analysis of Earthquake Load Mitigation on Rigid Retaining Walls Using EPS Geofoam

Wang¹,

Bathurst²

2012

TOCIEJ

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“…2 (Iai, 1988 Horizontal load was applied to the caisson at the height of 195 mm from the bottom of the caisson. The loading was applied as displacement controlled with a loading rate of 0.6 mm/min.…”

Section: Experiments Outlinementioning

confidence: 99%

Horizontal loading experiments on reinforced gravity type breakwater with steel walls

Kikuchi

Kawabe

Taenaka

et al. 2016

JGS Special Publication

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In the 2011 off the Pacific coast of Tohoku Earthquake, especially coastal areas of the Pacific Ocean suffered extensive damage by tsunami. Then, there were needs to develop reinforcement methods for existing breakwaters against tsunami force. The authors proposed a method to reinforce a breakwater against tsunami with a steel wall behind the breakwater. This report presents the experimental results of the breakwater reinforcing method. In the proposed method, steel piles are inserted behind the breakwater and rubbles are filled between the caisson and the piles. The model caisson failed in sliding mode without this improvement method. When it was reinforced with steel walls and filling, the horizontal resistance of the model caisson improved effectively. The failure mode of the caisson changed from sliding mode to ground failure mode. By analyzing the bending moment of the steel wall, the stress distribution in the wall from the caisson via filling and the ground was obtained and failure surface of the ground can be estimated.

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“…The applied frequency of 5 Hz corresponds to a value of 3 Hz at prototype scale assuming a model to field (height) scale factor of six [9]. The rigid wall (bulkhead) against which the geofoam layer was placed was supported by a series of load cells which allowed the dynamic load-time history on the wall to be recorded in real time.…”

Section: Shaking Table Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Earthquake Load Attenuation Using EPS Geofoam Buffers in Rigid Wall Applications

Bathurst

Zarnani

2013

Indian Geotech J

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The paper is a synthesis of previously published work by the authors that is focused on the use of EPS geofoam buffers for seismic load attenuation against rigid basement and soil retaining walls. The paper begins with a brief description of the first documented field application followed by a description of physical 1 m-high reduced-scale shaking table tests that provided the first "proof of concept". Next, details of the development and verification of a displacement-based model and a FLAC numerical model are described and simulation results that were verified against the physical shaking table tests presented. The numerical results include simulations using simple linear elastic constitutive models for the EPS buffers and granular soil backfill and more complex non-linear hysteretic models. Finally, the verified FLAC model was used to develop a series of preliminary design charts for the selection of a suitable seismic buffer based on characteristics of the design earthquake accelerogram.

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Similitude for Shaking Table Tests on Soil-Structure-Fluid Model in 1g Gravitational Field

Cited by 671 publications

References 6 publications

Numerical Analysis of Earthquake Load Mitigation on Rigid Retaining Walls Using EPS Geofoam

Numerical Analysis of Earthquake Load Mitigation on Rigid Retaining Walls Using EPS Geofoam

Horizontal loading experiments on reinforced gravity type breakwater with steel walls

Earthquake Load Attenuation Using EPS Geofoam Buffers in Rigid Wall Applications

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