Similar COVID-19 incidence to the general population in people with opioid use disorder receiving integrated outpatient clinical care

Vallecillo, Gabriel; Fonseca, Francina; L, Oviedo; Durán, Xavier; Martínez, Ignacio Manrique; García-Guix, Alexandra; Castillo, Claudio; Torrens, Marta; Llana, Santiago; Roquer, Albert; Martinez, Maria de la Cabeza; Aguelo, Sandra; Canosa, Irene

doi:10.1016/j.dadr.2022.100027

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 38 publications

(51 reference statements)

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“…Similarly, a study by Lindquist and colleagues found a lower prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 among people with SUD attending a needle exchange program in Stockholm (28) when comparing to the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 found in a study on healthy blood donors from the same region and period (29). A study by Vallecillo and colleagues, found a similar incidence of COVID-19 among patients on OAT (30) compared to an age-reference general population (31).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 and humoral immune responses to mRNA vaccines among people who use drugs - In the light of tailored mitigating strategies

Wüsthoff,

Lund-Johansen,

Henriksen

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background People who use drugs (PWUD) have increased risk of acquiring SARS-CoV-2 and having severe courses of COVID-19. However, during the first wave of the pandemic, surprisingly few PWUD tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 in Oslo. Aims: To investigate the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2, the antibody responses to virus infections and SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, and the vaccination rate among PWUD compared to the general population. Methods: Design: A prospective cohort study. Setting: Data was collected from residents at six institutions for homeless PWUD and users of a low-threshold clinic for opioid agonist treatment. Data was collected at baseline (N=99) and follow-up (N=25) and consisted of questionnaires and blood samples. Data on vaccination was collected from the National Vaccine Register. Serologic methods included detection of antibodies to different virus proteins, detection of neutralizing antibodies to SARS-CoV-2, and antibodies to Spike-FL, receptor-binding domain of the Spike protein and nucleocapsid from SARS-CoV-2. Results Antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 were detected in 4/99 samples from PWUD in the months before vaccines were available. The corresponding frequency for population-based screening was 2.8%. The levels of serum antibodies to seasonal coronaviruses and EBV in PWUD, were also similar to those measured in population-based screening. The levels of binding and neutralizing antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 measured in samples obtained from PWUD (N=25) after the second vaccine dose were comparable to those observed in healthy controls. Concerning humoral immune responses to COVID-19 vaccination, there was no difference between PWUD and healthy individuals. Eighty-four and eighty-nine per cent had received at least one dose of corona vaccine among PWUD and the general population, respectively. Conclusion Results showed that PWUD did not have increased seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 and did not have increased serum antibodies to seasonal coronaviruses and EBV. Vaccine responses were not different from controls demonstrating that vaccination is a viable strategy to confer protection against SARS-CoV-2 in PWUD

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 and humoral immune responses to mRNA vaccines among people who use drugs - In the light of tailored mitigating strategies

Wüsthoff,

Lund-Johansen,

Henriksen

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Similarly, a study by Lindquist and colleagues found a lower prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 among people with SUD attending a needle exchange program in Stockholm [ 41 ] when comparing to the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 found in a study on healthy blood donors from the same region and period [ 42 ]. A study by Vallecillo and colleagues, found a similar incidence of COVID-19 among patients on OAT [ 43 ] compared to an age-reference general population [ 44 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 and humoral immune responses to COVID-19 mRNA vaccines among people who use drugs - in the light of tailored mitigating strategies

Wüsthoff,

Lund-Johansen,

Henriksen

et al. 2024

Harm Reduct J

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Background During the initial wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, there was a surprisingly low incidence of SARS-CoV-2 among People Who Use Drugs (PWUD) in Oslo, Norway, despite their heightened vulnerability regarding risk of infection and severe courses of the disease.This study aims to investigate the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among PWUD, their antibody responses to relevant virus infections and COVID-19 mRNA vaccines, and their vaccination coverage compared to the general population. Methods Conducted as a prospective cohort study, data was collected from residents in six institutions for homeless PWUD and users of a low-threshold clinic for opioid agonist treatment. Ninety-seven participants were recruited for SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence analysis. Additional two participants with known positive SARS-CoV-2 test results were recruited for further analyses. Twenty-five participants completed follow-up. Data included questionnaires, nasal swabs and blood samples. Data on vaccination coverage was obtained from the National Vaccine Register. Serologic methods included detection of antibodies to relevant virus proteins, neutralizing antibodies to SARS-CoV-2, antibodies to the full-length spike protein, and receptor-binding domain from SARS-CoV-2. Results Among PWUD, antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 were detected in 2 out of 97 samples before vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 were available, comparable to a 2.8% frequency in population-based screening. Levels of serum antibodies to seasonal coronaviruses and Epstein-Barr-Virus (EBV) in PWUD were similar to population-based levels. After the second vaccine dose, binding and neutralizing antibody levels to SARS-CoV-2 in PWUD were comparable to controls. Eighty-four of PWUD received at least one dose of COVID-19 mRNA vaccine, compared to 89% in the general population. Conclusion Results indicate that PWUD did not exhibit increased SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence or elevated serum antibodies to seasonal coronaviruses and EBV. Moreover, vaccine responses in PWUD were comparable to controls, suggesting that vaccination is effective in conferring protection against SARS-CoV-2 also in this population.

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“…The centers belonged to the public health system and received individuals from two different districts of Barcelona and from the metropolitan area, respectively. Functioning of the centers has been published elsewhere [35].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Associated Factors of Frailty in a Cohort of Older People with Opioid use Disorder Receiving Opioid Agonist Therapy

2024

Int J Geriatr Gerontol

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Objective: Frailty is an age-related condition associated with high disability and mortality, however, there is scarce data on frailty in growing aging populations with substance use disorders. The aim of the study was to analyze the prevalence of frailty and related factors in individuals with opioid use disorders. Methods: Cross-sectional study including individuals older than 50 years with heroin use disorder on opioid agonist therapy receiving primary care at a drug addiction outpatient center. Frail, prefrail and robust status were defined according to the Frail scale and severity of comorbidity scored with the CIRS-G (Cumulative Illness Rating-Scale-Geriatrics). Results: One hundred and sixty-nine participants were included in the study. Median age was 55 [IQR: 51-58] years and 46(27.2%) were women. Tobacco smoking was present in 160(91.6%) subjects and polysubstance use in 1151(89.2%): cocaine in 149(88.2%), cannabis in 106(62.7%), alcohol in 93(55%). Dual disorders were diagnosed in 48(28.4%) participants. Overall, 101(59.7%) participants had >1 chronic diseases, with a median CIRS-G scoring of 3[IQR:1,5] and were taking a median of 4[IQR:3,6] chronic medications for its treatment. Frailty status was diagnosed in 28(16.6%) individuals, prefrail in 41(24.2%) and robust in 100(59.2%). Factors associated with frailty and pre-frailty were: age (OR. 1.23; CI: 1.1-1.42, p<0.01) and p<0.01). Conclusions: Frailty represents a primary health concern in individuals with opioid use disorder, especially among oldest people with high burden of chronic diseases. Given the progressive aging and the high prevalence of chronic diseases, interventions to prevent and treat frailty are necessary in this population.

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Similar COVID-19 incidence to the general population in people with opioid use disorder receiving integrated outpatient clinical care

Cited by 4 publications

References 38 publications

Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 and humoral immune responses to mRNA vaccines among people who use drugs - In the light of tailored mitigating strategies

Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 and humoral immune responses to mRNA vaccines among people who use drugs - In the light of tailored mitigating strategies

Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 and humoral immune responses to COVID-19 mRNA vaccines among people who use drugs - in the light of tailored mitigating strategies

Prevalence and Associated Factors of Frailty in a Cohort of Older People with Opioid use Disorder Receiving Opioid Agonist Therapy

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