Similar cardiovascular and autonomic responses in trained type 1 diabetes mellitus and healthy participants in response to half marathon

Mourot, Laurent; Fornasiero, Alessandro; Rakobowchuk, Mark; Skafidas, Spyros; Brighenti, Alfredo; Stella, Federico; Zignoli, Andrea; Savoldelli, Aldo; Pellegrini, Barbara; Danese, Elisa; Lippi, Giuseppe; Tarperi, Cantor; Schena, Federico

doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2019.107995

Cited by 3 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…This cross-sectional study involved 25 volunteer amateur runners: 13 healthy, non-pregnant, pre-menopausal women with regular menstruation (menstrual cycle ranges from 25 to 32 days) and 12 men. Although limited, this sample size is in accordance with previous studies on ANS using a similar design [ 25 , 29 , 30 , 31 ]. They were recruited within the Run for Science event, hosted by the University of Verona (Italy) in April 2019 [ 31 ].…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 83%

“…Although limited, this sample size is in accordance with previous studies on ANS using a similar design [ 25 , 29 , 30 , 31 ]. They were recruited within the Run for Science event, hosted by the University of Verona (Italy) in April 2019 [ 31 ]. The inclusion criteria were a history of regular recreational running training (mean training regimen of 220 min/week) for more than five years and having previously finished a half-marathon in the previous two years.…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 83%

“…For both groups, the observed performance was in the range of expected values for half-marathon participants of similar training levels (e.g., [ 51 ]). The longer exercise duration for women resulted in a similar weight loss (that could be used as a rough estimation of hydration status), which was in the range of typical weight loss observed with a half-marathon race [ 31 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Resting data were used to obtain spontaneous changes in arterial blood pressure, R-R interval and baseline steady-state hemodynamics. Cardiovascular parameters were also collected during repeated squat-stand maneuvers (Squat Stand Test, SST) performed for 5 min with a duty cycle of a squat held for 10 s followed by 10 s standing [ 31 ]. During SST, the participants were instructed to avoid performing a Valsalva maneuver while standing up.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Stroke volume (SV) was estimated using the Modelflow method [ 33 , 34 ], and cardiac output (CO) was calculated as the product of HR and SV, whilst total peripheral resistance (TPR) was determined by dividing the mean arterial BP (MAP) by the CO. Additionally, arterial pressure was measured in the right arm by an electro-sphygmomanometer (Omron Healthcare, Kyoto, Japan) to corroborate the BP measurements from the Portapres ® device. IBI and SAP values extracted from Portapres ® device were used for subsequent baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) analysis [ 31 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Post-Exercise Hypotension and Reduced Cardiac Baroreflex after Half-Marathon Run: In Men, but Not in Women

Mourot

Fornasiero

Rakobowchuk

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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We examined whether trained women exhibit similar cardiovascular and cardiac baroreflex alterations after a half-marathon compared to men. Thirteen women (39.1 ± 9.3 years; 165 ± 6 cm; 58.2 ± 7.5 kg; maximal aerobic speed (MAS): 13.7 ± 2.2 km·h−1) and 12 men (45.7 ± 10.5 years; 178 ± 7 cm; 75.0 ± 8.3 kg; MAS: 15.8 ± 2.2 km·h−1) ran an official half-marathon. Before and 60-min after, cardiovascular variables, parasympathetic (heart rate variability analysis) modulation and cardiac baroreflex function (transfer function and sequence analyses) were assessed during supine rest and a squat-stand test. Running performance was slower in women than in men (120 ± 19 vs. 104 ± 14 min for women and men, respectively). However, when expressed as a percentage of MAS, it was similar (78.1 ± 4.6% and 78.2 ± 5.4% of MAS for women and men, respectively). Before the run, women exhibited lower mean blood pressure (BP), cardiac output (CO) and stroke volume (SV) compared to men, together with higher parasympathetic indexes. After the race, parasympathetic indexes decreased in both sexes, but remained higher in women. Reduced SV, systolic BP and cardiac baroreflex were observed in men but not in women. Contrary to men, a competitive half-marathon did not trigger post-exercise hypotension and a reduced cardiac baroreflex in women.

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Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Post-Exercise Hypotension and Reduced Cardiac Baroreflex after Half-Marathon Run: In Men, but Not in Women

Mourot

Fornasiero

Rakobowchuk

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Post-exercise cardiac autonomic and cardiovascular responses to heart rate-matched and work rate-matched hypoxic exercise

et al. 2021

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Purpose This study investigated the effect of performing hypoxic exercise at the same heart rate (HR) or work rate (WR) as normoxic exercise on post-exercise autonomic and cardiovascular responses. Methods Thirteen men performed three interval-type exercise sessions (5 × 5-min; 1-min recovery): normoxic exercise at 80% of the WR at the first ventilatory threshold (N), hypoxic exercise (FiO2 = 14.2%) at the same WR as N (H-WR) and hypoxic exercise at the same HR as N (H-HR). Autonomic and cardiovascular assessments were conducted before and after exercise, both at rest and during active squat–stand manoeuvres (SS). Results Compared to N, H-WR elicited a higher HR response (≈ 83% vs ≈ 75%HRmax, p < 0.001) and H-HR a reduced exercise WR (− 21.1 ± 9.3%, p < 0.001). Cardiac parasympathetic indices were reduced 15 min after exercise and recovered within 60 min in N and H-HR, but not after H-WR (p < 0.05). H-WR altered cardiac baroreflex sensitivity (cBRS) both at rest and during SS (specifically in the control of blood pressure fall during standing phases) in the first 60 min after the exercise bout (p < 0.05). Post-exercise hypotension (PEH) did not occur in H-HR (p > 0.05) but lasted longer in H-WR than in N (p < 0.05). Conclusions Moderate HR-matched hypoxic exercise mimicked post-exercise autonomic responses of normoxic exercise without resulting in significant PEH. This may relate to the reduced WR and the limited associated mechanical/metabolic strain. Conversely, WR-matched hypoxic exercise impacted upon post-exercise autonomic and cardiovascular responses, delaying cardiac autonomic recovery, temporarily decreasing cBRS and evoking prolonged PEH.

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The Potential of Current Noninvasive Wearable Technology for the Monitoring of Physiological Signals in the Management of Type 1 Diabetes: Literature Survey

Daskalaki¹,

Parkinson²,

Brew‐Sam³

et al. 2022

J Med Internet Res

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Background Monitoring glucose and other parameters in persons with type 1 diabetes (T1D) can enhance acute glycemic management and the diagnosis of long-term complications of the disease. For most persons living with T1D, the determination of insulin delivery is based on a single measured parameter—glucose. To date, wearable sensors exist that enable the seamless, noninvasive, and low-cost monitoring of multiple physiological parameters. Objective The objective of this literature survey is to explore whether some of the physiological parameters that can be monitored with noninvasive, wearable sensors may be used to enhance T1D management. Methods A list of physiological parameters, which can be monitored by using wearable sensors available in 2020, was compiled by a thorough review of the devices available in the market. A literature survey was performed using search terms related to T1D combined with the identified physiological parameters. The selected publications were restricted to human studies, which had at least their abstracts available. The PubMed and Scopus databases were interrogated. In total, 77 articles were retained and analyzed based on the following two axes: the reported relations between these parameters and T1D, which were found by comparing persons with T1D and healthy control participants, and the potential areas for T1D enhancement via the further analysis of the found relationships in studies working within T1D cohorts. Results On the basis of our search methodology, 626 articles were returned, and after applying our exclusion criteria, 77 (12.3%) articles were retained. Physiological parameters with potential for monitoring by using noninvasive wearable devices in persons with T1D included those related to cardiac autonomic function, cardiorespiratory control balance and fitness, sudomotor function, and skin temperature. Cardiac autonomic function measures, particularly the indices of heart rate and heart rate variability, have been shown to be valuable in diagnosing and monitoring cardiac autonomic neuropathy and, potentially, predicting and detecting hypoglycemia. All identified physiological parameters were shown to be associated with some aspects of diabetes complications, such as retinopathy, neuropathy, and nephropathy, as well as macrovascular disease, with capacity for early risk prediction. However, although they can be monitored by available wearable sensors, most studies have yet to adopt them, as opposed to using more conventional devices. Conclusions Wearable sensors have the potential to augment T1D sensing with additional, informative biomarkers, which can be monitored noninvasively, seamlessly, and continuously. However, significant challenges associated with measurement accuracy, removal of noise and motion artifacts, and smart decision-making exist. Consequently, research should focus on harvesting the information hidden in the complex data generated by wearable sensors and on developing models and smart decision strategies to optimize the incorporation of these novel inputs into T1D interventions.

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Similar cardiovascular and autonomic responses in trained type 1 diabetes mellitus and healthy participants in response to half marathon

Cited by 3 publications

References 45 publications

Post-Exercise Hypotension and Reduced Cardiac Baroreflex after Half-Marathon Run: In Men, but Not in Women

Post-Exercise Hypotension and Reduced Cardiac Baroreflex after Half-Marathon Run: In Men, but Not in Women

Post-exercise cardiac autonomic and cardiovascular responses to heart rate-matched and work rate-matched hypoxic exercise

The Potential of Current Noninvasive Wearable Technology for the Monitoring of Physiological Signals in the Management of Type 1 Diabetes: Literature Survey

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