“…Before their use in polymer synthesis, resin acids were transformed, either into unsaturated monomers (acrylic, vinylic) or into bi‐ or polyfunctional compounds. For this purpose some routes, such as those shown below, were used: - chemical transformation, via cycloaddition reactions, into diacids, dialdehydes, polybasic acids,1–6 or unsaturated compounds;7
- chemical modification by dimerization, disproportionation, or polymerization;3, 8, 9
- the obtainment of epoxy derivatives;10–13
- the obtainment of vinyl ester of abietic acid by transesterification in the presence of vinyl acetate14, 15 and of allyl ester by esterification of sodium abietate with allyl halides;16
- the obtainment of abietic anhydride 17, 18
…”