Silvopastoral Systems in the Aysén and Magallanes Regions of the Chilean Patagonia

Sotomayor, Alvaro; Schmidt, Harald; Salinas, Jaime; Schmidt, Andreas; Sánchez-Jardón, Laura; Alonso, Máximo; Moya., Iván; Teuber, Osvaldo

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-24109-8_9

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Fire generates great modifications that affected soil properties and creates a different vegetation dynamic pathway (Veblen et al, 1992). Several studies show that fires change forest structure, understory assemblage, dynamic cycles and soil in ñire forests (Armesto et al, 1992;Gönc et al, 2015;Sotomayor et al, 2016), as well as in other forests of the world (e.g. Ryan 2002;Neary et al, 2003;Wang and Kemball, 2005;Yildiz et al, 2010;Da Silva Ramos Vieira Martins et al, 2012).…”

Section: Forest Harvesting and Human Induced Fires: How Much We Can P...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in forest structure values along the natural cycle and different management strategies in Nothofagus antarctica forests

Pastur

Rosas

Chaves

et al. 2021

Forest Ecology and Management

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Section: Forest Harvesting and Human Induced Fires: How Much We Can P...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in forest structure values along the natural cycle and different management strategies in Nothofagus antarctica forests

Pastur

Rosas

Chaves

et al. 2021

Forest Ecology and Management

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“…However, considering the extensively reported benefits of AFSs, very few but relevant experiences of using AFSs in temperate native forests have been reported in Chile. For instance, it has been observed that these systems promote a range of 30-50% of solar irradiance, which enhances the plant diversity of the understory, increases prairie productivity, and reduces wind speed by up to 200% in Ñirre and Nothofagus forests (Nothofagus antartica) [33][34][35], promotes greater SOC QSEQ accumulation rates than observed in Nothofagus obliqua forests [36], and doubles the SOC QSEQ capacity compared with commercial forestry plantations [37].…”

Section: Site Description and Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nowadays, about 51.4-52.7 Pg CO 2eq y −1 are globally emitted by anthropogenic activities [1][2][3], where 7.1-8 CO 2eq y −1 are generated via agriculture, including 3.2-5.7 Pg released to land use changes [1,4]. Livestock symbolizes probably the most relevant 30-50% of solar irradiance, which enhances the plant diversity of the understory, increases prairie productivity, and reduces wind speed by up to 200% in Ñirre and Nothofagus forests (Nothofagus antartica) [33][34][35], promotes greater SOC Q SEQ accumulation rates than observed in Nothofagus obliqua forests [36], and doubles the SOC Q SEQ capacity compared with commercial forestry plantations [37].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Study between Silvopastoral and Agroforest Systems on Soil Quality in a Disturbed Native Forest of South-Central Chile

Ortiz,

Dube,

Neira

et al. 2023

Agronomy

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Agroforestry systems (AFSs) have gained recognition as a land use strategy to address food security and climate change. They involve intentionally cultivating trees alongside crops and/or animals. AFSs cover approximately 5% of the global forest area and promote sustainable soil conservation, including soil organic carbon (C) sequestration (CSEQ). In some areas of Chile, AFSs are used to preserve the ecological value of native forests. This study evaluates the effects of two AFSs, namely, an agroforest for fodder production (AGROFRST) and Silvopastoral (SPS), within a degraded native forest (Nothofagus obliqua sp.). The evaluation focuses on their impact on CSEQ capacity and soil quality (SQ), using soil quality indexes (SQIs) derived from 30 soil quality indicators (SINDs) related to physical, chemical, and microbiological properties at two depths (0–5 and 5–20 cm). The results for the total depth analyzed (0–20 cm) indicate an average CSEQ of 6.88 and 4.83 Mg C yr−1 and a global SQI of 37.8% and 31.0% for AGROFRST and SPS, respectively. Among the thirteen SINDs that demonstrated significant differences (p < 0.05), five were associated with the considered depths (P+, Ca2+, S, ECEC, and AlSAT), three differed between AGROFRST and SPS (BD, NH4+, NO3−), while SOC, K+, and Mg2+ varied across all conditions (e.g., combinations of systems and depths), and β-GLU and NMIN differed in a single condition. However, almost all 30 SINDs analyzed showed higher values at the 0–5 cm depth, indicating the positive effects of soil organic matter (SOM)/SOC additions. Significant interactions (Pearson’s correlation) revealed that SOC correlated with most SINDs (e.g., N, NH4+, P+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, S, ECEC, NMIN). These findings suggest that both AGROFRST and SPS systems have similar capabilities in restoring the ecological value of native Nothofagus forests while providing conditions for productive and complementary use. This sustainable option offers opportunities for cattle production alongside ecological restoration efforts and provides a possible strategy to generate public policies related to the ecosystem services of agroforestry systems.

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“…Meanwhile, N. antarctica forests have been historically used for pastoral purposes (e.g. mainly cattle), however, recently silvopastoral systems have been proposed for managing these forests Peri et al 2016;Sotomayor et al 2016). In Argentina, its expansion is promoted considering a property planning in homogeneous areas (herbivorous steppe, forest and riparian grasslands), adjusting the livestock load according to the net primary productivity of the grasslands, and protecting tree regeneration from browsing (Peri et al 2016).…”

Section: Silvicultural Experiencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silviculture of South American temperate native forests

Donoso

Promis

Loguercio

et al. 2022

NZJFS

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Background: South America has the largest area of temperate forests in the Southern Hemisphere, which grow in diverse site conditions. The aim of this paper is to review the practices of silviculture applied and recommended for these temperate forests, and to discuss prospects to develop new silvicultural proposals to improve sustainability, adaptation and in-situ conservation of forest ecosystems. Methods: We reviewed the silviculture knowledge in four major forest types: 1) The Nothofagus-dominated forests of south-central Chile; 2) the Angiosperm-dominated evergreen forests; 3) the Nothofagus and Austrocedrus chilensis (D.Don) Pic. Serm. & Bizzarri forests in the Argentinean Northern Patagonia; and 4) the Cool temperate Nothofagus forests and Magellanic rainforests. Results: In Chile, both Nothofagus-dominated and Angiosperm-dominated evergreen forests are diverse in tree species, and mixed-species silviculture with commercially valuable species of variable shade tolerance is most promising. Some secondary forests can reach growth rates as high as 20 m3ha-1yr-1. After thinnings, stands with 35–60% of residual densities have shown the best responses in growth. Even-aged silvicultural methods have shown a rapid reorganization and development of new cohorts, although, where Chusquea species are conspicuous, regeneration establishment requires controlling competing vegetation. Preliminary results also show interesting prospects for single-tree selection cuts in uneven-aged forests. East of the Andes, in Argentina, mixed Nothofagus forests and pure and mixed Nothofagus and A. chilensis forests occur. The shelterwood method has been the most practised and successful in the mixed Nothofagus forests, with abundant regeneration, and good growth rates. For A. chilensis forests, an adaptive management approach is proposed, conditioned by the cypress disease attack (e.g., Phytophthora austrocedri). Conversion of pure A. chilensis to mixed A. chilensis–N. dombeyi forests could increase growth considerably. Finally, in the cool temperate Nothofagus forests and Magellanic rainforests, shared by Chile and Argentina, the regular shelterwood cuts have been the most common silvicultural method, with massive regeneration a decade after the regeneration felling. Since the two major Nothofagus species in these forests regenerate well in gaps, uneven-aged silviculture seems also promising. Conclusions: There is abundant knowledge about the silviculture of these forest types. However, there are opportunities for several silvicultural systems to better contribute to sustainable forest management, reverse forest degradation, and cope with climate change challenges, primarily through developing mixed and single-species productive and carbon-rich forests, with greater adaptive capacity.

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Silvopastoral Systems in the Aysén and Magallanes Regions of the Chilean Patagonia

Cited by 4 publications

References 14 publications

Changes in forest structure values along the natural cycle and different management strategies in Nothofagus antarctica forests

Changes in forest structure values along the natural cycle and different management strategies in Nothofagus antarctica forests

Comparative Study between Silvopastoral and Agroforest Systems on Soil Quality in a Disturbed Native Forest of South-Central Chile

Silviculture of South American temperate native forests

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