Silviculture for old-growth attributes

Bauhus, Jürgen; Puettmann, Klaus J.; Messier, Christian

doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2009.01.053

Cited by 511 publications

(432 citation statements)

References 153 publications

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“…Biodiversity plays a crucial role in all ecosystem components (Mace et al 2012), and in recent decades efforts aimed at its increase or maintenance have become a new objective of forest managers (Millar et al 2007;Bauhus et al 2009;Fraver, Palik 2012). An important influence of stand structure on the formation of ecosystem processes and biological diversity was well documented by Spies (1998).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How close to nature is close-to-nature pine silviculture?

Bílek¹,

Vacek²,

Vacek³

et al. 2016

J. For. Sci.

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Structural parameters of Scots pine stands (129-191 years) on their natural sites (270-600 m a.s.l.) are described on 6 permanent research plots (PRP; 3 in managed stands using near-natural silvicultural practices and 3 in stands without active forest management for 3 decades at least) in areas of western, central and eastern Bohemia and in the Polish part of the Krkonoše Mts. In the framework of the study structural and growth parameters, horizontal and vertical structure and biodiversity were evaluated on the plots. A comparison of the plots, and of managed and unmanaged plots showed a relatively high variability in different parameters. Nevertheless, the results document that managed stands, compared to forest stands without management, mostly have significantly higher standing volumes (1.5 times in total and 1.7 times in pine), which is caused by more extreme sites. An opposite trend was found out in dead wood volume, which is distinctly higher in unmanaged stands. Differences in the other parameters are not so pronounced, probably because small-scale management is used and because a relatively short time since the stands were left to spontaneous development has elapsed (30-52 years).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How close to nature is close-to-nature pine silviculture?

Bílek¹,

Vacek²,

Vacek³

et al. 2016

J. For. Sci.

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“…Sci. 67 (2010) 803 R. Motta et al to take place and to provide a reference for ordinary managed forests (Bauhus et al, 2009;Brang, 2005;Motta, 2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The results will provide baseline data to support the conservation and management of late successional Norway spruce subalpine forests, in order to recognize forest stands that deserve protection and to devise practices that will hasten the development of late-seral and old-growth characteristics, that are currently largely under-represented in the whole European Alps (Bauhus et al, 2009;Keeton, 2006;Marage and Lemperiere, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stand and coarse woody debris dynamics in subalpine Norway spruce forests withdrawn from regular management

et al. 2010

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Abstract• We studied structural characteristics, amount and quality of coarse woody debris (CWD), intensity of competition and mortality in two subalpine Norway spruce stands withdrawn from regular management. The stands, that we measured twice (in 1993 and 2005), have similar age and structure, but a different time has elapsed since the last silvicultural treatments (respectively 22 and about 55 y).• The main purposes were to analyze the current stage of development as compared to the old-growth one and to highlight the legacies of past management.• Although relatively old, the first plot (Valbona 1) was at the end of the pole stage. CWD was low in volume and was mainly of man-made origin (stumps). A recent thinning from below has reduced density-dependent competition and delayed the development of old-growth characteristics. The second plot (Valbona 2a) was at the beginning of the transition stage, with density-dependent and allogenic mortality both active at the same time. CWD volume was higher in plot Valbona 2a than in Valbona 1, but neither was comparable yet to the reference old-growth sites from Central Europe, both in quantity and in quality (e.g., decay rate continuity).• The effects of the past management were: (1) reducing the quality and quantity of the CWD, (2) alleviating competition, (3) increasing resistance to minor disturbances and, as a consequence, (4) delaying the development processes.• In mature or overmature subalpine Norway spruce stands withdrawn from regular management many decades are necessary to develop old-growth characteristics and a longer period of time is necessary to reach a true old-growth stage.

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“…das en el sistema, por vía natural o artificial. El principal desafío es restaurar la funcionalidad de estos bosques en base a la promoción de atributos estructurales y de composición (Bauhus et al 2009. En este contexto, el establecimiento de plantaciones nativas (complementarias a la regeneración natural) en grupos distribuidos dentro de la matriz de bosque degradado o bosque quemado, es una prometedora opción para incrementar de forma activa la diversidad de especies arbóreas tanto entre como dentro de los grupos (aparte de imitar los patrones espaciales de muchas especies), y tiene a largo plazo un efecto positivo a nivel de paisaje por su influencia en el área no plantada al dispersar semillas (Saha 2012, Bannister 2015.…”

Section: Importancia De La Silvicultura En La Restauración De Bosquesunclassified

“…Curiosamente, por razones similares, hace aproximadamente 30 años se empezó a desarrollar el nuevo paradigma de la restauración ecoló-gica (Stanturf et al 2014a). Cuando se trata de restaurar bosques, es decir, manipular la composición, estructura o el crecimiento de estos para direccionar el ecosistema hacia un objetivo determinado, se está aplicando silvicultura (Bauhus et al 2009). La silvicultura busca, entre otras cosas, promover la regeneración arbórea alterando las variables abióticas y bióticas que la afectan (luz, nutrientes, agua, cama de semillas, fuente de semillas, etc.).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

La silvicultura como herramienta para la restauración de bosques templados

2016

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SUMMARYWhen we apply silviculture in the context of forest restoration, we aim at increasing the biodiversity and structural complexity of degraded and fire-disturbed old-growth forests, secondary forests (degraded and with normal density) and exotic monocultures, in order to improve their ecological functionality and maximize the ecosystem services that they provide. This work aims at: a) providing a conceptual framework on the terminology related to forest restoration; b) highlighting the importance of silviculture as a tool for the restoration of forests; and c) recommending some basic questions that help professionals and technicians linked to forest restoration, to dimension the required efforts to apply restoration. Forest restoration in Chile should be based on a pragmatic and functional paradigm that includes a wide range of options or strategies dealing with transformed or degraded forest ecosystems, including ecological restoration, rehabilitation, reconstruction, replacement and conversion. Depending on the initial state in which the ecosystem is and the target state, some of these options will lead the ecosystem back to its historical state and others only will seek to restore some attributes. In this context, silviculture is the key to enrich the concepts of forest restoration, translating these into strategies, techniques and real practical solutions.Key words: structural attributes, degraded forests, Chile, structural complexity, forest management. RESUMENEn el contexto de la restauración de bosques, la silvicultura tiene como propósito primordial aumentar el nivel de biodiversidad y complejidad estructural en bosques adultos degradados, en bosques secundarios (de densidad normal y degradados), en bosques quemados y en plantaciones, para mejorar su funcionalidad ecológica y, en consecuencia, incrementar los potenciales bienes y servicios ecosistémicos desde estos bosques. Este trabajo tiene por objetivo: a) proporcionar un marco conceptual sobre la terminología relacionada con la restauración de bosques; b) resaltar la importancia de la silvicultura como herramienta para la restauración de bosques templados; y c) recomendar algunas preguntas básicas que ayuden a profesionales y técnicos a dimensionar adecuadamente los esfuerzos requeridos para la restauración. La restauración de bosques en Chile debiera estar basada en un paradigma pragmático y funcional que incluya un amplio rango de opciones o estrategias que tratan con bosques transformados o degradados, tales como restauración ecológica, rehabilitación, reconstrucción, reemplazo y conversión. Algunas de estas opciones llevarán al ecosistema de vuelta a su trayectoria histórica y otras solamente buscarán restaurar algunos atributos, lo que dependerá del estado inicial en el que se encuentra el ecosistema y la meta u objetivo planificado. En este contexto, la silvicultura es clave para enriquecer los conceptos de la restauración de bosques, traduciendo estos en estrategias, técnicas y soluciones prácticas reales.Palabras clave: atributos estruct...

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Silviculture for old-growth attributes

Cited by 511 publications

References 153 publications

How close to nature is close-to-nature pine silviculture?

How close to nature is close-to-nature pine silviculture?

Stand and coarse woody debris dynamics in subalpine Norway spruce forests withdrawn from regular management

La silvicultura como herramienta para la restauración de bosques templados

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